Photoelectrocatalytic Materials for Solar Water Splitting

Abstract

Photoelectrocatalytic water splitting offers a promising approach to convert sunlight into sustainable hydrogen energy. A thorough understanding of the relationships between the properties and functions of photoelectrocatalytic materials plays a crucial role in the design and fabrication of efficient photoelectrochemical systems for water splitting. This review presents the advances in the development of efficient photoelectrocatalytic materials. First, the fundamentals involved in the photoelectrocatalytic water splitting are elaborated. Then, the critical properties of photoelectrocatalytic materials are classified and discussed according to the associated photoelectrochemical processes, including light absorption, charge separation, charge transportation, and photoelectrocatalytic reactions. The importance of heterointerfaces in photoelectrodes is also mentioned in conjunction with the illustration of some functional interlayer materials. Finally, some strategies that can be employed in material screening and optimization for the construction of highly efficient photoelectrochemical devices for water splitting are also discussed.

Kohlenstoffnitridmaterialien für photochemische Zellen zur Wasserspaltung

“…[11,133,134] Für einen Vergleich der PEC-Leistungen sollten die Lichtquelle (Intensitätu nd Spektrum), die angelegte Spannung und die Zusammensetzung der Elektrolytlçsung berücksichtigt werden. Ausgewählte Berichte über CN-PEC-Leistungen sind in Tabelle 1z usammengefasst.…”

“…[156][157][158][159] Dies kann durch Umkristallisation auf einem Substrat [92] sowie durch das sorgfältige Design des Syntheseverfahrens bei erhçhten Drücken (z. [133] Da sich CN-PEC jedoch noch immer in einem frühen Stadium ihrer Entwicklung befinden, existieren nur wenige Arbeiten zur Verwendung von Cokatalysatoren mit der CN-Schicht. 4) Schnelle Reaktionskinetik an der CN-Elektrolyt-Grenzfläche und Langzeitstabilität: Bei den meisten der kürzlich berichteten Hochleistungs-PEC umfasst die beste Konfiguration häufig einen Halbleiter und OER-Cokatalysatoren (an der Photoanode).…”

Stepping towards Solar Water Splitting: Recent Progress in Bismuth Vanadate Photoanodes

“…The amount of energy from sunlight striking the Earth's surface in one hour is more than the energy consumed by humans throughout a year . In terms of solar energy utilization, nature has offered us the best‐case scenario where photosynthesis can effectively convert and store sunlight in the form of carbohydrate molecules . In order to imitate this biological process to exploit solar energy, artificial photosynthetic routes need to be well designed and launched.…”

SnS2 Nanosheets/H‐TiO2 Nanotube Arrays as a Type II Heterojunctioned Photoanode for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

“…[1] Photoanode materials with adequate light absorption, effective charges eparation, and high activity are desirable to construct as olar-to-fuel device with good efficiency.[2] Junctions have been shown to be effective in separating charges through variations in doping( homojunction) or offsets in the conduction and valence band levelsa tt he interface in the heterojunction. It showed as ignificantly enhanced photocurrento f4 .0 mA cm À2 at 1.4 V( vs. reversible hydrogen electrode) under AM 1.5 Gi llumination, 70 times higher than that of SnS 2 /TiO 2 /Ti.…”

“…[1] Photoanode materials with adequate light absorption, effective charges eparation, and high activity are desirable to construct as olar-to-fuel device with good efficiency. [1] Photoanode materials with adequate light absorption, effective charges eparation, and high activity are desirable to construct as olar-to-fuel device with good efficiency.…”