Transport of PAN and NOy from different source regions to the Swiss high alpine site Jungfraujoch

Deolal, S. Pandey; Staehelin, J.; Brunner, Dominik; Cui, J.; Steinbacher, Martin; Zellweger, Christoph; Henne, Stephan; Vollmer, Martin K.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.08.021

Cited by 33 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Because the NO x lifetime is significantly shorter in summer than in winter (e.g., Schaub et al 2007), NO x concentrations are higher during the cold season. At JFJ, PAN measurements also showed a broad spring and summer maximum in the study of Pandey Deolal et al (2013). They concluded that the mechanism of hydrocarbon accumulation in the FT in winter and the photochemically produced PAN in spring is not a dominant factor of the springtime PAN maximum.…”

Section: Carbon Monoxidementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Emissions transported from North America have been observed at IZO Schultz et al 1998), PMO (Honrath et al 2004), ARO (Huntrieser et al 2005), ZUG/ZSF (Huntrieser et al 2005), and JFJ (Guerova et al 2006;Huntrieser et al 2005;Pandey Deolal et al 2013). Most of the elevated CO events observed at PMO during the summers of 2001 to 2003 were attributed to the outflow of North American pollution and the long-range transport of biomass-burning emissions, whereas O 3 and CO concentrations were strongly correlated with the flow from the eastern USA when the biomass-burning effects were absent (Honrath et al 2004).…”

Section: Long-range Transport From Continental Sources Anthropogenic mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of atmospheric chemistry observations at mountain sites

Okamoto

Tanimoto

2016

Prog. in Earth and Planet. Sci.

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Located far from anthropogenic emission sources, high-altitude mountain stations are considered to be ideal sites for monitoring climatic and environmentally important baseline changes in free tropospheric trace gases and aerosols. In addition, the observations taken at these stations are often used to study the long-range transport of dust as well as anthropogenic and biomass burning pollutants from source regions and to evaluate the performance of global and regional models. In this paper, we summarize the results from past and ongoing field measurements of atmospheric constituents at high-altitude stations across the globe, with particular emphasis on reactive trace species including tropospheric ozone, along with its precursors such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, total reactive nitrogen, and nonmethane hydrocarbons. Over the past decades, our understanding of the temporal variability and meteorological mechanisms of long-range transport has advanced in tandem with progress in instrumentation and modeling. Finally, the future needs of atmospheric chemistry observations at mountain sites are addressed.

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Section: Carbon Monoxidementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Long-range Transport From Continental Sources Anthropogenic mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of atmospheric chemistry observations at mountain sites

Okamoto

Tanimoto

2016

Prog. in Earth and Planet. Sci.

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“…At JFJ, a variety of selection baseline criteria have previously been employed, including a [NO y ]/[CO] ratio of 0.008 (Pandey Deolal et al, 2013), a time-of-day filter (0200 ≤ UTC ≤ 0800h; Andrews et al, 2011), a fixed 500 mBq m -3 radon threshold (Xia et al, 2013), statistical approaches (Ruckstuhl et al, 2012), meteorological/synoptic filters (e.g., Forrer et al, 2000;Collaud et al, 2011), and filters based on air mass origin derived from trajectory analysis (Balzani-Lööv et al, 2008;Cui et al, 2011). As demonstrated in Griffiths et al (2014), the constant radon threshold of 500 mBq m influence is likely to be from more distant sources.…”

Section: Comparison Of Radon-derived Baseline Estimates With Previousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Universal “Baseline” Characterisation of Air Masses for High- and Low-Altitude Observing Stations Using Radon-222

Chambers

Williams

Conen

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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We demonstrate the ability of atmospheric radon concentrations to reliably and unambiguously identify local and remote terrestrial influences on an air mass, and thereby the potential for alteration of trace gas composition by anthropogenic and biogenic processes. Based on high accuracy (lower limit of detection 10-40 mBq m -3 ), high temporal resolution (hourly) measurements of atmospheric radon concentration we describe, apply and evaluate a simple two-step method for identifying and characterising constituent mole fractions in baseline air. The technique involves selecting a radon-based threshold concentration to identify the "cleanest" (least terrestrially influenced) air masses, and then performing an outlier removal step based on the distribution of constituent mole fractions in the identified clean air masses. The efficacy of this baseline selection technique is tested at three contrasting WMO GAW stations: Cape Grim (a coastal low-altitude site), Mauna Loa (a remote high-altitude island site), and Jungfraujoch (a continental high-altitude site). At Cape Grim and Mauna Loa the two-step method is at least as effective as more complicated methods employed to characterise baseline conditions, some involving up to nine steps. While it is demonstrated that Jungfraujoch air masses rarely meet the baseline criteria of the more remote sites, a selection method based on a variable monthly radon threshold is shown to produce credible "near baseline" characteristics. The seasonal peak-to-peak amplitude of recent monthly baseline CO 2 mole fraction deviations from the long-term trend at Cape Grim, Mauna Loa and Jungfraujoch are estimated to be 1.1, 6.0 and 8.1 ppm, respectively.

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“…Like radon, the molar ratio of total reactive nitrogen species to carbon monoxide, [NO y ]/[CO], is used as an indicator of recent land influence (Pandey Deolal et al, 2013). Though emitted in a relatively stable ratio from pollution sources, NO y is removed faster than CO.…”

Section: Air Mass Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface-to-mountaintop transport characterised by radon observations at the Jungfraujoch

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Atmospheric composition measurements at Jungfraujoch are affected intermittently by boundary-layer air which is brought to the station by processes including thermally driven (anabatic) mountain winds. Using observations of radon-222, and a new objective analysis method, we quantify the land-surface influence at Jungfraujoch hour by hour and detect the presence of anabatic winds on a daily basis. During 2010-2011, anabatic winds occurred on 40 % of days, but only from April to September. Anabatic wind days were associated with warmer air temperatures over a large fraction of Europe and with a shift in air-mass properties, even when comparing days with a similar mean radon concentration. Excluding days with anabatic winds, however, did not lead to a better definition of the unperturbed aerosol background than a definition based on radon alone. This implies that a radon threshold reliably excludes local influences from both anabatic and non-anabatic vertical-transport processes.

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Transport of PAN and NOy from different source regions to the Swiss high alpine site Jungfraujoch

Cited by 33 publications

References 61 publications

A review of atmospheric chemistry observations at mountain sites

A review of atmospheric chemistry observations at mountain sites

Towards a Universal “Baseline” Characterisation of Air Masses for High- and Low-Altitude Observing Stations Using Radon-222

Surface-to-mountaintop transport characterised by radon observations at the Jungfraujoch

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