Transplante cardíaco (TC): a experiência do portador da doença de Chagas

Abstract

Portuguese / English: www.scielo.br/reeusp RESUMO O sucesso do transplante cardíaco com portadores da doença de Chagas está condicionado a cuidados especiais durante todas as fases do transplante, com necessidade de acompanhamento específico e rigoroso pela equipe de saúde. Os receptores devem estar conscientes da permanência do Trypanossoma no organismo, e das possibilidades de reativação da infecção após o transplante. Portanto, seu conhecimento dessa condição, e a sua participação ativa no próprio tratamento, têm importância fundamental. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a experiência do transplante cardíaco vivenciada por pacientes portadores da doença de Chagas, para buscar compreender os significados que eles atribuem a esta experiência. Os procedimentos metodológicos abrangeram: a seleção dos pacientes; as entrevistas; a aná-lise dos dados, indicando as unidades de significado e a análise individual; a busca de convergências dos discursos; e análise hermenêutica das convergências. Da análise dos dados emergiram os seguintes temas: o tempo vivido pelo receptor, portador da Doença de Chagas; a concepção do TC apresentado pelo portador de Chagas; o cuidado na trajetória do TC. DESCRITORES ABSTRACTSuccessful heart transplantation in patients with Chagas disease depends on special care to be provided during all phases of the transplantation process, and requires specific and rigorous follow-up by the health care team. Recipients must be aware of the permanence of the trypanosome in their organisms as well as of the possibility of infection reactivation after transplantation. Therefore, the patient's knowledge regarding this condition and his active participation in his own treatment are of utmost importance. This study aimed at investigating heart transplantation as experienced by patients with Chagas disease, seeking to understand the meanings that they attribute to such an experience. The methodological procedures included: patient selection; interviews; data analysis, indication of the meaning units and individual analysis; search for discourse convergence; and hermeneutic analysis of convergences. From the data analysis, the following themes emerged: the time lived by recipients with Chagas Disease; the conception of heart transplantation presented by patients with Chagas Disease; and care in the course of heart transplantation. KEY WORDSHeart transplantation. Chagas disease. Nursing care. Qualitative research. RESUMENEl éxito del trasplante cardíaco con portadores de la enfermedad de Chagas está condicionado a cuidados especiales durante todas las fases del trasplante, con necesidad de acompañamiento específico y riguroso por el equipo de salud. Los receptores deben estar conscientes de la permanencia del Tripanosoma en el organismo y de las posibilidades de reactivación de la infección después del trasplante. Por lo tanto, su conocimiento sobre esa condición y su participación activa en el propio tratamiento es de fundamental importancia. El objetivo del estudio fue investigar la experiencia del trasp...

Outpatient nursing care: perception of the heart transplant patients on outpatient nursing consultation Assistência de enfermagem ambulatorial: percepção de transplantados cardíacos sobre a consulta de enfermagem ambulatorial

“…Aspects apparently not so relevant may trigger the development of comorbidities, such as changes in lipid levels and blood glycemia, requiring the continued intervention of the multidisciplinary team. 4 By referring to a chronicity condition, many of the guidelines and plans for transplant patient care are not modified. However, the correction of the limiting symptoms of HF leads the patient to a feeling of full cure, with consequent flexibilization of self-care measures.…”

“…However, other elements are identified and valued by the transplanted patient in the actions performed by the nurse, essential for competent care. 4 Continuity in care is highlighted by the patient as a conduit for comfort and bonding, making the individual feel at ease with the service, as expressed in the statements below:…”

“…1 The success of the procedure is related to the post-operative care, with the consistent professional follow-up, based on the support to overcome their anxieties and insecurities, and in carrying out educational actions throughout the process. 4 The assistance of the professional nurse is essential in the process of adaptation of the cardiac transplant recipient and his relatives. Since the costs of medications, the relationships between health professionals and patients, as well as psychological disturbances and compromised cognition, objectively influence treatment adherence.…”

Revisiting Chagas disease and its cardiac implications: an integrative review study for nursing practice

“…This reflects worsening quality of life, especially with regard to the physical and social domains [15][16][17].…”

“…Because of the worldwide increase in the incidence of Chagas disease and worsening clinical impairment of these individuals, causing repeated cardiac decompensation with subsequent progression of the disease toward terminal stages from heart failure, educating health professionals in relation to aspects of Chagas disease is indispensable for professional practice based on patient safety [17].…”