Transpiration response of upland rice to water deficit changed by different levels of eucalyptus biochar

Pereira, Rogério Gomes; Heinemann, A. B.; Madari, B. E.; Carvalho, M. T. de M.; Kliemann, Huberto José; Santos, Aurélio Pereira dos

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2012000500012

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The increased water retention provoked by the addition of biochar to the soil, especially in coarse textured soils, like the one studied hereby, was reported by Sohi et al (2010) and Karhu et al (2011). Additionally, Pereira et al (2012) reported that biochar positively affected the amount of plant available soil water. This effect of biochar may also have contributed to its positive effect on yield.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Soil fertility and upland rice yield after biochar application in the Cerrado

Petter

Madari

Silva

et al. 2012

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of biochar made from Eucalyptus on soil fertility, and on the yield and development of upland rice. The experiment was performed during two years in a randomized block design with four replicates, in a sandy loam Dystric Plinthosol. Four doses of NPK 05-25-15, annually distributed in stripes (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha -1 ), and four doses of biochar (0, 8, 16 and 32 Mg ha -1 ), applied once in the first year -alone or with NPK -were evaluated. In the first year, biochar positively affected soil fertility [total organic carbon (TOC), Ca, P, Al, H+Al, and pH], at 0-10 cm soil depth, and it was the only factor with significant effect on yield. In the second year, the effect of biochar diminished or was overcome by the fertilizer. TOC moved down in the soil profile to the 0-20 cm depth, influencing K availability in this layer. In the second year, there was a significant interaction between biochar and the fertilizer on plant growth and biomass dry matter accumulation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Soil fertility and upland rice yield after biochar application in the Cerrado

Petter

Madari

Silva

et al. 2012

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Additionally, in a pot experiment using a sterile sand, Pereira et al (2012) observed an increase in soil WRC at matric potentials lower than −6 kPa with a rate of 12 % w/w of a similar biochar as the one tested in this study, accompanied by a delay in the point where rice transpiration rate is affected by water stress and declines. Hence, the main objective of this study was to test the impact of a range of wood biochar rates (up to 1.5 % w/w) on both soil WRC and rice yields on a sandy loam Dystric Plinthosol at 2 and 3 years after application under field conditions.…”

Section: T De Melo Carvalho Et Al: Biochar Increases Plant-availsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Beyond the influence that both SSA and particle size of biochar have per se on the soil WRC of a sandy soil, we must also consider the application rate. The maximum rate applied in our study was of 1.5 % w/w, which is half of the minimum rate (3 % w/w) used in other studies that have shown great impact of biochar on soil WRC of sandy soils under artificially controlled conditions (Pereira et al, 2012;Basso et al, 2013). For instance, Basso et al (2013) found a spectacular increase in available water content between −10 and −1500 kPa of 44 and 38 % with application of 3 and 6 % w/w fast pyrolysis red oak biochar, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Tryon (1948) showed that available soil moisture in a sandy soil increased linearly with increasing wood biochar application rate. Several recent studies have also reported the potential of wood biochar to increase the WRC of sandy soils (Pereira et al, 2012;Dempster et al, 2012;Basso et al, 2013;Abel et al, 2013;Ibrahim et al, 2013). The majority of studies were conducted under artificially controlled conditions, testing the effect of a wide range of biochar amounts on WRC.…”

Section: T De Melo Carvalho Et Al: Biochar Increases Plant-availmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar increases plant-available water in a sandy loam soil under an aerobic rice crop system

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of biochar rate (0, 8, 16 and 32 Mg ha −1 ) on the water retention capacity (WRC) of a sandy loam Dystric Plinthosol. The applied biochar was a by-product of slow pyrolysis (∼ 450 • C) of eucalyptus wood, milled to pass through a 2000 µm sieve that resulted in a material with an intrinsic porosity ≤ 10 µm and a specific surface area of ∼ 3.2 m 2 g −1 . The biochar was incorporated into the top 15 cm of the soil under an aerobic rice system. Our study focused on both the effects on WRC and rice yields 2 and 3 years after its application. Undisturbed soil samples were collected from 16 plots in two soil layers (5-10 and 15-20 cm). Soil water retention curves were modelled using a nonlinear mixed model which appropriately accounts for uncertainties inherent of spatial variability and repeated measurements taken within a specific soil sample. We found an increase in plant-available water in the upper soil layer proportional to the rate of biochar, with about 0.8 % for each Mg ha −1 biochar amendment 2 and 3 years after its application. The impact of biochar on soil WRC was most likely related to an effect in overall porosity of the sandy loam soil, which was evident from an increase in saturated soil moisture and macro porosity with 0.5 and 1.6 % for each Mg ha −1 of biochar applied, respectively. The increment in soil WRC did not translate into an increase in rice yield, essentially because in both seasons the amount of rainfall during the critical period for rice production exceeded 650 mm. The use of biochar as a soil amendment can be a worthy strategy to guarantee yield stability under short-term water-limited conditions. Our findings raise the importance of assessing the feasibility of very high application rates of biochar and the inclusion of a detailed analysis of its physical and chemical properties as part of future investigations.

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“…Initially, pot experiments showed significant effects of wood biochar on decreasing acidity and increasing soil nutrient availability of a clay soil and consequently improving aerobic rice growth and biomass production, as shown by Madari et al (2006). Later, Pereira et al (2012) demonstrated the significant effect of wood biochar on increasing the capacity of sand to hold water. In a field trial, Petter et al (2012) also reported positive effects of biochar on soil chemical properties and outstanding positive effects on aerobic rice yields on a sandy loam soil immediately and one year after application.…”

Section: Determining Factors and Potential Effects Of Biochar On Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Novotny

Maia

Carvalho

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

162

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Biochar (carbonized biomass for agricultural use) has been used worldwide as soil amendment and is a technology of particular interest for Brazil, since its "inspiration" is from the historical Terra Preta de Índios (Amazon Dark Earth), and also because Brazil is the world's largest charcoal producer, generating enormous residue quantities in form of fine charcoal and due to the availability of different residual biomasses, mainly from agroindustry (e.g., sugar-cane bagasse; wood and paper-mill wastes; residues from biofuel industries; sewage sludge etc), that can be used for biochar production, making Brazil a key actor in the international scenario in terms of biochar research and utilization). In the last decade, numerous studies on biochar have been carried out and now a vast literature, and excellent reviews, are available. The objective of this paper is therefore to deliver a critical review with some highlights on biochar research, rather than an exhaustive bibliographic review. To this end, some key points considered critical and relevant were selected and the pertinent literature "condensed", with a view to guide future research, rather than analyze trends of the past.

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Transpiration response of upland rice to water deficit changed by different levels of eucalyptus biochar

Cited by 25 publications

References 17 publications

Soil fertility and upland rice yield after biochar application in the Cerrado

Soil fertility and upland rice yield after biochar application in the Cerrado

Biochar increases plant-available water in a sandy loam soil under an aerobic rice crop system

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

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