Transmission of Tobacco Mosaic Virus Through Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Seed

Tosic, M.; Sutic, D.; Pesic, Z.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1980.tb04595.x

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Methods that are used in large-scale commercial seed production are mostly based on various chemical treatments-1-9% hydrochloric acid HCl, 1-5% calcium hypochlorite Ca(OCl) 2 , 1-3% sodium hypochlorite NaOCl, tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) (CH 3 ) 2 NCSS 2 CSN(CH 3 ) 2 , and the most commonly used in commercial seed production 10% trisodium phosphate (TSP) Na 3 PO 4 mentioned above [5,143]-which have been reported to provide satisfactory control of tobamoviruses in cucurbit [144] and solanaceous seeds (e.g., pepper [5,145,146] and tomato [147]). In addition to the chemical treatments, several heat treatment protocols at various temperature conditions ranging from 72 to 76°C for a minimum of 12 h up to 72 h [144] are also applied in large-scale production.…”

Section: Seed Disinfection Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The efficacy of a steadfast seed diagnosis relies on several parameters: (i) random collection of seed samples from the homogenous seed lot and (ii) seed disinfection treatments that are calibrated and examined in parallel to germination assays. In commercial seed production, applying conventional chemical disinfection treatments followed by extensive washes, which wash out the virus from the seed coat and decrease considerably the viral titer in the tested samples [145,146], may end up in reducing the virus titer below the detection threshold. Seed analysis under these conditions will show false-negative results because viable viral particles still exist in the internal seed tissues, e.g., the perisperm-endosperm envelope in cucurbit seeds [34] and the endosperm in Solanaceae seeds [4,35].…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Tobamoviruses In Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed Transmission of Tobamoviruses: Aspects of Global Disease Distribution

Dombrovsky¹,

Smith²

2017

Advances in Seed Biology

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Global seed trade contributed to development and improvement of world agriculture. An adverse effect of global seed trade is reflected in disease outbreaks in new growing areas, countries, and continents. Among the seed-borne viruses, Tobamovirus species are currently considered a peril for crop production around the world. The unique tobamoviral particles confer stability to the RNA genome and preserve their infectivity for years. High titer of Tobamovirus species accumulates in reproductive organs leading to viral particles adsorbed to seed coat, which potentially establish a primary infectious source. Tobamovirus-contaminated seeds show very low virus transmission in grow-out experiments as detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Interestingly, in situ immunofluorescence analysis of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) reveals that the perisperm-endosperm envelope (PEE) is contaminated as well by the Tobamovirus. Indeed, chemical seed disinfection treatments that affect primarily the seed coat surface are efficient for several Tobamovirus species but apparently do not prevent seed transmission of CGMMV to occur. Tobamovirus infection of the seed internal layers, which rarely includes the embryo, may partially follow the direct invasion pathway of Potyviruses such as Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) to pea embryo.

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Section: Seed Disinfection Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnosis Of Tobamoviruses In Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Transmission of Tobamoviruses: Aspects of Global Disease Distribution

Dombrovsky¹,

Smith²

2017

Advances in Seed Biology

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“…However, the same did not happen with the occurrence of infected seeds produced by pepper plants infected with PMMoV, which in this study was much higher than those found by other authors. Tošić et al (1980) detected the presence of PMMoV CP in 29% of seeds produced by infected plants and McKinney (1952) detected the virus in only 22% of the seeds harvested from Capsicum frutescens infected plants. Probably, as observed in other viruses, such transmission depends on the viral isolate and susceptibility of the cultivar of sweet pepper in addition to environmental conditions, which can play a significant role in viral multiplication and consequent systemic invasion of the plant.…”

Section: Production Of Naturally Contaminated Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Procedure for detecting tobamovirus in tomato and pepper seeds decreases the cost analysis

et al. 2018

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The transmission of tobamovirus by tomato and pepper seeds is an important mean of virus introduction in crops. Therefore, detecting its presence in the seed becomes essential for the preventive control of virus diseases. In this study, a method was proposed for the detection of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) and Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) in pepper (Capsicum annum) seeds. Seed lots with different levels of incidence were analyzed by biological, serological, and molecular methods. Using DAS-ELISA technique, it was possible to detect TMV up to the limit

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“…(McKinney 1952). The seed transmission rates of tobamoviruses in Capsicum species range from 0 to 65.3% (Demski 1981;McKinney 1952;Nagai 1981;Nishimura 1962;Sakamoto and Matsuo 1972;Tošić et al 1980) and tend to increase with transplantation and decrease as the duration of seed storage increases (Demski 1981;Nagai 1981;Nishimura 1962). Chemical and physical measures, such as trisodium phosphate or dry heat, respectively, can be used to control the seed transmission of tobamoviruses in Capsicum spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Immunolocalization of Pepper mild mottle virus in developing seeds and seedlings of Capsicum annuum

Genda¹,

Sato²,

Nunomura³

et al. 2011

J Gen Plant Pathol

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The location of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) within seeds as they developed on inoculated seedlings of pepper (Capsicum annuum) was followed over time by detecting the viral coat protein using immunofluorescence microscopy. Seedlings were inoculated with PMMoV when the flower buds on the first and second branching nodes were in bloom. Fluorescence indicating the presence of PMMoV was first observed around immature seeds and placentas in the ovaries on the fourth branching node at 20 days post-anthesis (20 DPA), which corresponded to 39 days post-inoculation (39 DPI). The area with fluorescence gradually expanded from the placenta into the integument and the parenchyma, and finally reached the tip of the immature seeds by 34 DPA (53 DPI). The embryo or endosperm beyond the endothelium never fluoresced during the experiment [i.e., ending at 81 DPA (102 DPI)]. For visualizing viral routes of invasion from seeds into new seedlings, PMMoV-infected C. annuum seeds that were heterozygous for the L 3 tobamovirus-resistance gene were sown in soil at 30°C. After *2 weeks, the cotyledon developed virally induced necrosis. These findings shed light on the infection cycle of PMMoV through vertical transmission in C. annuum.

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Transmission of Tobacco Mosaic Virus Through Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Seed

Cited by 20 publications

References 2 publications

Seed Transmission of Tobamoviruses: Aspects of Global Disease Distribution

Seed Transmission of Tobamoviruses: Aspects of Global Disease Distribution

Procedure for detecting tobamovirus in tomato and pepper seeds decreases the cost analysis

Immunolocalization of Pepper mild mottle virus in developing seeds and seedlings of Capsicum annuum

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