Transmission of Pear Decline by Using Naturally Infected Cacopsylla Pyri L.

Carraro, L.; Loi, N.; Ermacora, P.; Gregoris, A.; Osler, R.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1998.472.89

Cited by 55 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Unlike nymphs, adults of C. pyri (similarly to those of the congener species C. pyricola) are responsible for the transmission of the phytoplasma of "pear decline". The phytoplasma is acquired by the psylla upon feeding on an infected plant and transmitted to an healthy one by salivation during feeding on phloem (Carraro et al, 1998). The transmission mechanism is persistent-propagative because the phytoplasm reproduces in the insect body.…”

Section: Damages Caused By C Pyrimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Past and Present of Pear Protection Against the Pear Psylla, Cacopsylla pyri L.

Civolani¹

2012

Insecticides - Pest Engineering

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Section: Damages Caused By C Pyrimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Past and Present of Pear Protection Against the Pear Psylla, Cacopsylla pyri L.

Civolani¹

2012

Insecticides - Pest Engineering

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“…P. pyri'. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) pyricola (Foerster, 1848) has been reported for Great Britain (Davies et al, 1992) and North America (Jensen et al, 1964), while Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) pyri (Linne, 1758) was described as the vector in France (Lemoine 1984), Italy (Carraro et al, 1998a) and Spain (Garcia-Chapa et al, 2005). C. pyri is widespread in Europe, in the Caucasus, Georgia, the Middle Asia, including Turkey (Klimaszewski and Lodos, 1979;Burckhardt and Hodkinson, 1986;Ossiannilsson, 1992;Burckhardt and Onuçar, 1993;Guçlü and Burckhardt, 1996;Ulubaş Serçe et al, 2006;Drohojowska and Burckhardt, 2014), while C. pyricola naturally occurs in the whole Palaearctic, from Europe to eastern Siberia, south Korea and Japan (Burckhardt and Hodkinson, 1986;Ossiannilsson, 1992;Inoue, 2010;Ouvrard, 2014) and was introduced into the eastern United States in the early 1800s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Psyllid Vectors of Candidatus Phytoplasma Mali and Candidatus Phytoplasma Pyri in Turkey

Kaya¹,

Serçe²,

Gazel³

et al. 2016

PAKJAS

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“…For the transmission of European fruit tree phytoplasmas different psyllid species belonging to the taxon Cacopsylla are responsible. Pear decline (PD) caused by Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri can be transmitted by C. pyricola and C. pyri (Davies et al, 1992;Carraro et al, 1998). In contrast, the apple proliferation (AP) disease caused by Ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apple Proliferation Phytoplasma Influences the Pattern of Plant Volatiles Emitted Depending on Pathogen Virulence

et al. 2016

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Apple proliferation (AP) and pear decline (PD) are the most severe diseases in pome fruit growing areas. AP-infected trees show typical symptoms such as witches' broom, enlarged stipules, tasteless, and dwarf fruits. PD-infected pears show a progressive weakening, reduced terminal growth, smaller fruits, and die within weeks (quick decline) or years (slow decline). The diseases are caused by the cell-wall lacking bacteria Candidatus Phytoplasma mali (AP phytoplasma) and Ca. P. pyri (PD phytoplasma), respectively. In previous studies it has been shown that AP-infected apple trees emitted higher amounts of the sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene, an attractant of the insect vector Cacopsylla picta (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), thereby facilitating the dispersal of AP phytoplasma. In the present study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) occurring in the headspace of plants infected with Ca. P. mali strains causing different severity of symptoms in apple plants were collected, analyzed, and identified. Headspace samples from healthy and AP-infected model plant tobacco (Nicotiana occidentalis) and apple (Malus domestica) as well as from healthy and PD-infected pear (Pyrus communis) were investigated via thermodesorption and GC-MS analysis. Significantly higher concentrations of ethyl benzoate were produced in all phytoplasma-infected plants compared to healthy ones and an as yet unidentified sesquiterpene differed between the odor bouquets of healthy and by Ca. P. mali infected tobacco plants. Additionally, statistically significant higher amounts of both compounds were measured in the headspace of plants infected by the virulent AP strain. In apple, significantly higher concentrations of ethyl benzoate and methyl salicylate were observed for trees infected with strains of Ca. P. mali. Ethyl benzoate was also detected in the headspace of pear trees infected with Ca. P. pyri.

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Transmission of Pear Decline by Using Naturally Infected Cacopsylla Pyri L.

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

The Past and Present of Pear Protection Against the Pear Psylla, Cacopsylla pyri L.

The Past and Present of Pear Protection Against the Pear Psylla, Cacopsylla pyri L.

Potential Psyllid Vectors of Candidatus Phytoplasma Mali and Candidatus Phytoplasma Pyri in Turkey

Apple Proliferation Phytoplasma Influences the Pattern of Plant Volatiles Emitted Depending on Pathogen Virulence

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