Transmission of <i>Citrus leprosis virus C</i> by <i>Brevipalpus phoenicis</i> (Geijskes) to Alternative Host Plants Found in Citrus Orchards

Nunes, Maria Andréia; Oliveira, Claudio; Oliveira, M. L.; Kitajima, Elliot Watanabe; Hilf, Mark E.; Gottwald, T. R.; Freitas-Astúa, Juliana

doi:10.1094/pdis-06-11-0538

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…(Brassicaceae) was susceptible suggests the possibility of better understanding the genetic control of the CiLV-C-infection, because the entire genome of this plant is known and may permit unraveling of the metabolic pathways involved in the process . Plants such as Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Malvaviscus arboreus that have previously been reported to be susceptible to CiLV-C (Nunes et al, 2012b) could not be infected in the present assays, but this may be due to the different genetic background of the plants used or reduced inoculum pressure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Experimental host range of Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C)

Garita¹,

Tassi²,

Calegario³

et al. 2014

Trop. plant pathol.

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Citrus leprosis (CL) is a serious threat to the citrus industry, especially for sweet oranges. For a long time, Citrus spp. were considered the only susceptible hosts. However, other plant species were also found either experimentally or naturally to be susceptible to Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C). To assess the experimental host range of CiLV-C, a large number of plant species were inoculated with Brevipalpus phoenicis, viruliferous to CiLV-C, under experimental conditions. Out of the 140 tested species (43 families), 59 species (24 families) developed localized chlorotic and/or necrotic lesions upon inoculation of leaves with viruliferous mites, and 40 species (18 families) of them yielded positive results for CiLV-C detection in at least one of the following assays: ELISA, RT-PCR, transmission electron microscopy and immunfluorescence. For those that developed lesions and yielded negative results in CiLV-C detection assays, the results may be attributed to the small number of lesions and their necrotic state with very little viral material. The fact that a considerable number of plant species are susceptible to the virus after mite inoculation brings up implications for the epidemiology, quarantine and evolution of the citrus leprosis pathosystem.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…ex R.Br. (Proteaceae) and C. benghalensis are susceptible to CiLV-C (Nunes et al 2012b). Solanum violaefolium Schott (Solanaceae) has also been infected experimentally with CiLV-C (Rodrigues et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental host range of Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C)

Garita¹,

Tassi²,

Calegario³

et al. 2014

Trop. plant pathol.

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“…More recently, several plant species were shown to be hosts of CiLV-C after experimental transmission by viruliferous B. phoenicis such as Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Grevilea robusta A. Cunn., Bixa orellana L., Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., and others Garita-Salazar et al, 2011;Nunes et al, 2012b). An important finding was that the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an excellent indicator plant for CiLV-C, responding with localized necrotic lesions to mite inoculation, in less than five days (Groot et al, 2006;Tassi et al, 2009), in contrast to 4-6 weeks in sweet orange.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Present status of citrus leprosis in Argentina and Paraguay

Cáceres¹,

Aguirre²,

Costa³

et al. 2013

Trop. plant pathol.

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Citrus leprosis (CL) was first described in South America in the 1920's. It is considered similar to a disease first observed back to 1860 in Florida. It is a destructive disease characterized by localized lesions on the leaves, fruits and stems, which may lead to the death of the affected plant if left untreated. Around 1940, CL was demonstrated to be transmitted by Brevipalpus mites in Argentina. Because little information exists on the status of CL pathosystem in Argentina and Paraguay, a survey was made in several citrus growing areas of these countries from 2009 to 2011, to evaluate its presence and relevance as well as the identification of the virus and the mite vector. CL was found in most of the sweet orange and/or mandarin orchards in Paraguay (Departamentos de Boquerón, Concepción, San Pedro, Cordillera, Alto Paraná, Itapúa) and Argentina (Provincias de Misiones, Corrientes, Entre Ríos). Incidence was usually low. The causal virus was identified as Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C) by RT-PCR, electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. In all the visited regions in Paraguay and the region of Montecarlo, Argentina, the mites collected in plants infected by CiLV-C were identified as B. phoenicis.

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“…Através de inoculação mecânica, a leprose pode ser transmitida a Gomphrena globosa, Chenopodium amaranthicolor e C. quinoa (COLARICCIO et al., 1995). Através da infecção por ácaros virulíferos, a transmissão é eficiente para pelo menos 40 espécies vegetais (NUNES et al., 2012b;GARITA et al, 2014), dentre elas a planta-modelo A. thaliana (ARENA et al, 2013 BASSANEZI et al., 2002;BASTIANEL et al., 2009;.…”

Section: Espécies Hospedeiras Do Citrus Leprosis Virus Cunclassified

Análise da expressão gênica de Arabidopsis thaliana em resposta ao Citrus leprosis virus C e ao seu vetor Brevipalpus phoenicis

Arena¹

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Gene expression analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana in response to Citrus leprosis virus C and its vector Brevipalpus phoenicisCitrus leprosis, the main viral disease affecting citrus orchards in Brazil, is caused by Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C, genus Cilevirus). CiLV-C has a bipartite genome of singled stranded positive RNA, which encodes six proteins. CiLV-C is plant-to-plant transmitted by Brevipalpus phoenicis mites and can infect more than 40 plant species, invariably producing localized chlorotic or necrotic lesions around the site of feeding of the viruliferous mites. Viral long distance movement in its hosts is not accomplished. To unveil the mechanisms determining the unique characteristic of the virus/mite/plant interaction, activities of main plant defense pathways were evaluated during aviruliferous and CiLV-C viruliferous mite infestation in Arabidopsis thaliana. The expression of 19 marker genes involved in defense responses along a time course experiment (6, 12 and 24 hours after infestation, and after appearance of leprosis symptoms) was assessed by RT-qPCR. Analyses showed that genes involved in the salicylic acid (SA) pathway were up-regulated during plant interaction with mite and virus. The SA pathway expression profile observed at the infestation by viruliferous mites resembled those observed for the aviruliferous mites, but plant response to both stimuli was stronger. Both the jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways were activated during mite/plant interaction and were repressed at the course of infection with CiLV-C, suggesting an antagonistic effect mediated by the activated SA pathway. Gene silencing mechanism was differentially regulated in response to both aviruliferous and viruliferous mites. Upon viral infection, plants responded with the activation of an AGO1-mediated first defense line, in early times of infection; and then switched to an AGO2-mediated defense. Results indicate the activation of a multifactorial process in response to CiLV-C and B. phoenicis mites in A. thaliana.

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Transmission of Citrus leprosis virus C by Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) to Alternative Host Plants Found in Citrus Orchards

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

Experimental host range of Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C)

Experimental host range of Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C)

Present status of citrus leprosis in Argentina and Paraguay

Análise da expressão gênica de Arabidopsis thaliana em resposta ao Citrus leprosis virus C e ao seu vetor Brevipalpus phoenicis

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