Transmission of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus between Monochamus alternatus and Monochamus saltuarius through interspecific mating behaviour

Abstract

Cerambycid adults of the genus Monochamus transmit the pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus [Steiner et Buhrer] Nickle), the causative agent of pine wilt disease. To confirm the transmission of B. xylophilus between vector species, nematode‐infected Monochamus alternatus Hope and nematode‐free Monochamus saltuarius (Gebler) adults were paired and their behaviour was observed for 107–220 min. In three pairs that exhibited mounting without copulation, nematode transmission occurred, whereas it was not found in another pair without mountings. The effect of nematode transmission between different vector species on the invasion biology of B. xylophilus is discussed.

Sustainable DMSNs nano-biopesticide platform built by a “one-pot” method focusing on injury-free drug demonstration of pine wood nematodes

“…2,3 PWN infest healthy trees through wounds when the vector insects feed on healthy trees with supplemental nutrients, destroying the thinning system of the pine tree and causing it to die out. 4,5 Known as the cancer of pine trees, PWD was first discovered in 1982 at the Zhongshan Mausoleum in Nanjing, China, and as of 2023, it has spread to 19 provinces, 6 causing hundreds of billions of dollars in economic losses, 7 and has become a major forest disaster in China. 8,9 In Japan, the total economic losses over a 10-year period from 2004 to 2014 were estimated to be $3.7 billion.…”

Enzyme-Mediated Amplification (EMA) for Detection of the Pinewood Nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

“…Much research has been carried out to protect pine trees and to reduce economic losses, including on the nematode, host trees, vector beetles (pine sawyers, Monochamus spp.) and the environment [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. However, there are still no effective measures with which to control the occurrence of PWD, such that strengthening quarantine protocols is still important in PWD management.…”