Management of pine wilt disease vectoring Monochamus alternatus adults using spray and soil application of Metarhizium anisopliae JEF isolates

Transcriptome Analysis of the Japanese Pine Sawyer Beetle, Monochamus alternatus, Infected with the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae JEF-197

“…Several other countries are also conducting research into entomopathogenic fungi as control agents for nematode vectors. Previously, we confirmed that this fungus is highly virulent against JPS beetles [ 14 , 15 ].…”

“…In this study, we analyzed changes in gene expression in JPS beetles after treatment of Metarhizium anisopliae JEF-197, a fungus that was shown to have high virulence in JPS beetles in a previous study [ 14 ]. To demonstrate the potential of JEF-197 as a biopesticide, we performed semi-field experiments to target the reproducing JPS in late summer [ 14 ] and newly emerging JPS from infested trees in early summer [ 15 ], both of which target JPS adults to study the reaction of JPS adults against the entomopathogenic fungus. We studied changes in gene expression in JPS beetles during the process of JEF-197-induced death and confirmed that the expression of specific genes in JPS beetles changed significantly at specific time points after fungal treatment.…”

Revisiting Metarhizium and the description of new species from Thailand

“…Over 50 years ago, Metarhizium anisopliae was recorded to infect 200 insect species ( Zimmermann 2007 ) and this ability to infect different host species in the field has been exploited in biological control strategies. Metarhizium anisopliae is used for control of insect pests in many countries around the world including Brazil, Iran, Japan, Thailand, and the USA ( Jackson and Jaronski, 2008 , Ghayedi and Abdollahi, 2013 , Thongkaewyuan and Chairin, 2018 , Beys-da-Silva et al., 2020 , Kim et al., 2020a , Kim et al., 2020b ) as an environmentally safe alternative to the use of chemical pesticides. Most of the initially identified M. anisopliae isolates may belong to any of the species in the M. anisopliae complex ( Bischoff et al., 2009 , Luangsa-ard et al., 2017 , Chen et al., 2018a , Chen et al., 2018c , Luz et al., 2019 , Yamamoto et al., 2020 ) and the host range reported for M. anisopliae in the past may belong to one of the newly erected species.…”

Mitogenome Analysis of Four Lamiinae Species (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and Gene Expression Responses by Monochamus alternatus When Infected with the Parasitic Nematode, Bursaphelenchus mucronatus

“…Monochamus alternatus , belongs to the subfamily Lamiinae. In East Asia, M. alternatus is believed to be the main vector for the pathogenic nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus [ 12 ] that infects pine trees and causes pine wilt disease [ 13 ]. B. xylophilus is transported to host pine trees by Monochamus beetles and after nematodes develop rapidly and form dispersal juveniles, these juveniles enter the tracheal system of the beetle for transport to new pine trees hosts, thus spreading the disease [ 14 ].…”