Transmission electron microscopy of bone tissue: A review

Boivin, Georges; Anthoine-Terrier, Chantal; Obrant, Karl

doi:10.3109/17453679009006514

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Considering that animals of equal size were used from each group, it is intriguing to note that LP zebrafish show increased bone matrix formation. An increased production of collagen, consistent with the increased bone volume, suggests that osteoblasts are highly active at producing collagen matrix and this could explain the presence of enlarged endoplasmic reticulum cisternae in LP zebrafish [ 92 , 93 ]. The intensified matrix production does not influence collagen type I synthesis and post-translational modifications at the structural level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

More Bone with Less Minerals? The Effects of Dietary Phosphorus on the Post-Cranial Skeleton in Zebrafish

Cotti

Huysseune

Koppe³

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Dietary phosphorus (P) is essential for bone mineralisation in vertebrates. P deficiency can cause growth retardation, osteomalacia and bone deformities, both in teleosts and in mammals. Conversely, excess P supply can trigger soft tissue calcification and bone hypermineralisation. This study uses a wide range of complementary techniques (X-rays, histology, TEM, synchrotron X-ray tomographic microscopy, nanoindentation) to describe in detail the effects of dietary P on the zebrafish skeleton, after two months of administering three different diets: 0.5% (low P, LP), 1.0% (regular P, RP), and 1.5% (high P, HP) total P content. LP zebrafish display growth retardation and hypomineralised bones, albeit without deformities. LP zebrafish increase production of non-mineralised bone matrix, and osteoblasts have enlarged endoplasmic reticulum cisternae, indicative for increased collagen synthesis. The HP diet promotes growth, high mineralisation, and stiffness but causes vertebral centra fusions. Structure and arrangement of bone matrix collagen fibres are not influenced by dietary P in all three groups. In conclusion, low dietary P content stimulates the formation of non-mineralised bone without inducing malformations. This indicates that bone formation and mineralisation are uncoupled. In contrast, high dietary P content promotes mineralisation and vertebral body fusions. This new zebrafish model is a useful tool to understand the mechanisms underlying osteomalacia and abnormal mineralisation, due to underlying variations in dietary P levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

More Bone with Less Minerals? The Effects of Dietary Phosphorus on the Post-Cranial Skeleton in Zebrafish

Cotti

Huysseune

Koppe³

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…The large multinucleated osteoclasts with typical ruffled borders, attached to the surface of the newly formed trabeculae, showed their active and normal involvement in the remodelling process (Boivin et al, 1990;Domon and Wakita, 1986). The abundant vacuoles situated very close to the ruffled border are necessary for digestion and transportation of cellular debris produced during bone resorption (Marks and Popoff, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of a clinically relevant large animal model to assess the healing of metaphyseal bone

Alagboso¹,

Budak²,

Sommer³

et al. 2019

eCM

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Despite the high incidence of metaphyseal bone fractures in patients, the mechanisms underlying the healing processes are poorly understood due to the lack of suitable experimental animal models. Hence, the present study was conducted to establish and characterise a clinically relevant large-animal model for metaphyseal bone healing.Six female adult Merino sheep underwent full wedge-shaped osteotomy at the distal left femur metaphysis. The osteotomy was stabilised internally with a customised anatomical locking titanium plate that allowed immediate post-operative full-weight bearing. Bone healing was evaluated at 12 weeks post-fracture relative to the untouched right femur.Histological and quantitative micro-computed tomography results revealed an increased mineralised bone mass with a rich bone microarchitecture. New trabeculae healed by direct intramembranous ossification, without callus and cartilaginous tissue formation. Stiffness at the cortical and trabecular regions was comparable in both groups. Functional morphological analysis of the osteocyte lacunae revealed regularly arranged spherically shaped lacunae along with the canalicular network. Bone surface biochemical analysis using time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry showed high and homogeneously distributed levels of calcium and collagenous components. Ultrastructure imaging of the new trabeculae revealed a characteristic parallel arrangement of the collagen fibrils, evenly mineralised by the dense mineral substance. The specialised bone cells were also characterised by their unique structural features. Bone remodelling in the fractured femur was evident in the higher expression levels of prominent bone formation and resorption genes. In conclusion, the novel metaphyseal fracture model is beneficial for studying healing and treatment options for the enhancement of metaphyseal bone defects.

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“…Three important observations were made: 1) there was no inflammatory reaction at the interface, 2) the bone within the screw threads had the ultrastructure of normal bone tissue (Boivin et al 1990) and the newly formed bone was living, since osteocytes were clearly present in periosteocytic lacunae. 3) the TEM appearance of the interface was the same in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and arthrosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osseointegration of titanium implants in the tibia: Electron microscopy of biopsies from 4 patients

Serre

Boivin

Obrant

et al. 1994

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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We studied the ultrastructure of bone tissue around implants of pure titanium inserted into the tibia in 4 patients with arthrosis or rheumatoid arthritis. Three main appearances of the interface were noted. First, a close contact between titanium and calcified bone with living osteocytes inside the newly-formed bone was observed in all samples. Secondly, a close contact was also seen between the implant and osteoid, the newly formed collagenous matrix being either uncalcified or calcifying. Thirdly, a loose extracellular matrix with fibrillar and nonfibrillar materials was sometimes observed between bone mineral and implant. There was no inflammatory reaction at the interface. We concluded that the titanium implants were osseointegrated, but the calcification of the bone tissue was not complete even after 20 months. However, mineralization of osteoid and living bone cells revealed the presence of an active tissue.

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Transmission electron microscopy of bone tissue: A review

Cited by 27 publications

References 79 publications

More Bone with Less Minerals? The Effects of Dietary Phosphorus on the Post-Cranial Skeleton in Zebrafish

More Bone with Less Minerals? The Effects of Dietary Phosphorus on the Post-Cranial Skeleton in Zebrafish

Establishment of a clinically relevant large animal model to assess the healing of metaphyseal bone

Osseointegration of titanium implants in the tibia: Electron microscopy of biopsies from 4 patients

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