Transmission Electron Microscopy as Key Technique for the Characterization of Telocytes

Cantarero, Irene; Luesma, María José; Alvarez-Dotu, Jose Miguel; Muñoz, Eduardo; Junquera, Concepción

doi:10.2174/1574888x10666150306155435

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, this peculiar stromal cell type is being increasingly implicated in a wide range of pathologies with potential applications in regenerative medicine [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Telocyte possess unique ultrastructural features consisting of a small cell body and extremely long and thin prolongations, termed telopodes, displaying a moniliform aspect characterized by the alternation of thin segments (called podomers) and small dilated regions (called podoms) accommodating mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum cisternae and caveolae [11,12,37]. Telopodes are typically organized in a three-dimensional network which comprises either homocellular junctions between TC or heterocellular communications between TC and other cell types [11,12,38,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telocytes in normal and keratoconic human cornea: an immunohistochemical and transmission electron microscopy study

Marini

Mencucci

Rosa

et al. 2017

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Telocytes (TC) are typically defined as cells with telopodes by their ultrastructural features. Their presence was reported in the interstitium of various organs in vertebrates, including humans. However, no study has yet described the presence of TC in the human eye and in particular, within the stromal compartment of the cornea. To address this issue, samples of normal and pathologic (keratoconic) human corneas were tested by immunohistochemistry for CD34, platelet‐derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα) and c‐kit/CD117 or examined by transmission electron microscopy. We found that TC coexpressing CD34 and PDGFRα were distributed throughout the whole normal corneal stroma with different TC subtypes being distinguishable on the basis of the expression of the stemness marker c‐kit (i.e. c‐kit‐positive and c‐kit‐negative TC subpopulations). Transmission electron microscopy examination confirmed the existence of spindle‐shaped and bipolar TC typically displaying two long and thin moniliform telopodes establishing intercellular contacts formed by gap junctions. Keratoconic corneas were characterized by ultrastructural damages and patchy loss of TC with an almost complete depletion of the c‐kit‐positive TC subpopulation. We propose that TC may contribute to the maintenance of corneal stromal homoeostasis and that, in particular, the c‐kit‐positive TC subtype might have stemness capacity participating in corneal regeneration and repair processes. Further studies are needed to clarify the differential roles of corneal TC subtypes as well as the possible therapeutic applications of TC in degenerative corneal disorders such as keratoconus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telocytes in normal and keratoconic human cornea: an immunohistochemical and transmission electron microscopy study

Marini

Mencucci

Rosa

et al. 2017

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…Generally, it is accepted that transmission electron microscopy is fundamental in identifi cation and recognition of telocytes (Cantarero et al, 2015). Yet, methods of transmission electron microscopy are technically and also fi nancially demanding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telocytes (interstitial Cajal-like cells) in human Fallopian tubes

Urban¹,

Miko²,

Kajanova³

et al. 2016

BLL

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BACKGROUND: Telocytes represent a relatively newly discovered population of cells found within the various tissues and organs, including Fallopian tubes. It is presumed that telocytes could serve as a sensor of hormone levels or regulate activity of muscle peristaltic movement. METHODS: Tissue sections from anatomically different parts of Fallopian tubes of 48 women (age 48.8 ± 9.1) were stained for the expression of fi ve different antigens: c-kit (CD117), CD34, vimentin, podoplanin (D2-40) and Dog-1. RESULTS: Telocytes form a network associated with the smooth muscle cells. From the mentioned antibodies, only anti-c-kit (CD117) seems to be relatively selective specifi c to the telocytes, others react also with numerous other cells and tissue structures. Our results when using antibodies against podoplanin and Dog-1 are in dissonance with recent literature -with regards to our results, they are not suitable for detection of telocytes. CONCLUSION: Methods of immunohistochemistry are suitable for identifi cation of telocytes in Fallopian tubes. C-kit (CD117) antigens are useful for routine identifi cation of telocytes in histological sections. This antigen can be combined with CD34 or vimentin in cases of double staining immunohistochemistry (Tab. 1, Fig. 6, Ref. 44). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

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“…Morphologically, the key characteristic of the TCs when compared with other interstitial cell types is the presence of one to five very thin and long cell body prolongations, called telopodes (Tps) (10–1000 μm), with alternating regions of podoms (˜0.5 μm) and podomers (˜0.1 μm), visible with electron microscopy . Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been essential in the identification and recognition of TCs/Tps according to their distinctive ultrastructural characteristics . Functionally, TCs in tissues can form a complex 3D interstitial network by their long Tps, establishing homocellular contacts between Tps and heterocellular contacts with other nearby cell types, including myocytes, stem/progenitor cells, immunoreactive cells and nerves .…”

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confidence: 99%

Telocytes in pancreas of the Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus)

Zhang

Zhong

et al. 2016

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Telocytes (TCs), novel interstitial cells, have been identified in various organs of many mammals. However, information about TCs of lower animals remains rare. Herein, pancreatic TCs of the Chinese giant salamanders (Andrias davidianus) were identified by CD34 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The IHC micrographs revealed CD34+ TCs with long telopodes (Tps) that were located in the interstitium of the pancreas. CD34+ TCs/Tps were frequently observed between exocrine acinar cells and were close to blood vessels. The TEM micrographs also showed the existence of TCs in the interstitium of the pancreas. TCs had distinctive ultrastructural features, such as one to three very long and thin Tps with podoms and podomers, caveolae, dichotomous branching, neighbouring exosomes and vesicles. The Tps and exosomes were found in close proximity to exocrine acinar cells and α cells. It is suggested that TCs may play a role in the regeneration of acinar cells and α cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrated the presence of TCs in the pancreas of the Chinese giant salamander. This finding will assist us in a better understanding of TCs functions in the amphibian pancreas.

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Transmission Electron Microscopy as Key Technique for the Characterization of Telocytes

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Telocytes in normal and keratoconic human cornea: an immunohistochemical and transmission electron microscopy study

Telocytes in normal and keratoconic human cornea: an immunohistochemical and transmission electron microscopy study

Telocytes (interstitial Cajal-like cells) in human Fallopian tubes

Telocytes in pancreas of the Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus)

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