“…), and the concentration and distribution (e.g., size distribution among the chaperons and spatial distribution) of the chaperons [ 76 , 78 , 79 , 214 , 215 , 216 ]. The translocation dynamics also depend on polymer properties such as the flexibility, sequence, and length of the polymer [ 217 , 218 , 219 ]. Apart from chaperons, the cellular environment contains other macromolecules such as proteins and ribosomes.…”
Section: Controlling the Speed Of Translocationmentioning
Various biological processes involve the translocation of macromolecules across nanopores; these pores are basically protein channels embedded in membranes. Understanding the mechanism of translocation is crucial to a range of technological applications, including DNA sequencing, single molecule detection, and controlled drug delivery. In this spirit, numerous efforts have been made to develop polymer translocation-based sequencing devices, these efforts include findings and insights from theoretical modeling, simulations, and experimental studies. As much as the past and ongoing studies have added to the knowledge, the practical realization of low-cost, high-throughput sequencing devices, however, has still not been realized. There are challenges, the foremost of which is controlling the speed of translocation at the single monomer level, which remain to be addressed in order to use polymer translocation-based methods for sensing applications. In this article, we review the recent studies aimed at developing control over the dynamics of polymer translocation through nanopores.
“…), and the concentration and distribution (e.g., size distribution among the chaperons and spatial distribution) of the chaperons [ 76 , 78 , 79 , 214 , 215 , 216 ]. The translocation dynamics also depend on polymer properties such as the flexibility, sequence, and length of the polymer [ 217 , 218 , 219 ]. Apart from chaperons, the cellular environment contains other macromolecules such as proteins and ribosomes.…”
Section: Controlling the Speed Of Translocationmentioning
Various biological processes involve the translocation of macromolecules across nanopores; these pores are basically protein channels embedded in membranes. Understanding the mechanism of translocation is crucial to a range of technological applications, including DNA sequencing, single molecule detection, and controlled drug delivery. In this spirit, numerous efforts have been made to develop polymer translocation-based sequencing devices, these efforts include findings and insights from theoretical modeling, simulations, and experimental studies. As much as the past and ongoing studies have added to the knowledge, the practical realization of low-cost, high-throughput sequencing devices, however, has still not been realized. There are challenges, the foremost of which is controlling the speed of translocation at the single monomer level, which remain to be addressed in order to use polymer translocation-based methods for sensing applications. In this article, we review the recent studies aimed at developing control over the dynamics of polymer translocation through nanopores.
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