In this chapter, the preparation of metal-incorporating catenanes by self-assembly is discussed. Self-assembly phenomena have provided new concepts and methodologies for constructing highly ordered and functionalized molecules and materials [l]. In particular, the use of transition metal ions to direct the self-assembly processes has become a rapidly growing discipline and triggered extensive studies on the formation of such complex structures as helicates, chains, ladders, grids, macrocycles, catenanes, and cages [2]. In order to exploit this rapidly growing field, it is necessary to understand non-covalent interactions (e.g. aromatic interactions, hydrogen-bonding, metal coordination, etc.) because cooperation of a variety of non-covalent interactions is essential in the design and realization of wellorganized self-assembling molecular systems.Interlocking compounds incorporating metals are good target for this purpose because there are many factors to be studied for understanding their self-assembly processes: i.e., cooperation of different bonds (covalent, coordinate, and non-covalent), thermodynamic balance (entropy in relation to enthalpy), and electronic and steric matching. Actually, recent extensive studies on non-covalent interactions have enabled chemists to design and realize the self-assembly of interlocked compounds which used to be the target of synthetic challenge [3]. Among several methods developed recently, metal-mediated self-assembly strategy provides a very efficient method for the construction of catenanes. In this chapter, such selfassembled catenanes incorporating metal ions are discussed with emphasis on the cooperation of coordinate bonds and weak interactions. The preparation of fully organic catenanes via self-assembly process, particularly those developed by Sauvage [4], Stoddart [5] , Hunter [6], Vogtle [7], Leigh [8], and others [9], is of course attracting considerable current interest and is well described in other chapters (Figure 1).