Transition from electromagnetically induced transparency to Autler–Townes splitting in cold cesium atoms

Abstract

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) are two similar yet distinct phenomena that modify the transmission of a weak probe field through an absorption medium in the presence of a coupling field, featured in a variety of three-level atomic systems. In many applications it is important to distinguish EIT from ATS splitting. We present EIT and ATS spectra in a three-level cascade system, involving cold cesium atoms in the S 35 1 2 Rydberg state. The EIT linewidth, γ EIT , defined as the full width at half maximum of the transparency window, and the ATS splitting, γ ATS , defined as the peak-to-peak distance between AT absorption peaks, are used to delineate the EIT and ATS regimes and to characterize the transition between the regimes. In the coldatom medium, in the weak-coupler (EIT) regime γ EIT ≈A + B( cwhere Ω c and Ω p are the coupler and probe Rabi frequencies, Γ eg is the spontaneous decay rate of the intermediate 6P 3/2 level, and parameters A and B that depend on the laser linewidth. We explore the transition into the strong-coupler (ATS) regime, which is characterized by the relation γ ATS ≈Ω c . The experiments are in agreement with numerical solutions of the Master equation. Our analysis accounts for non-ideal conditions that exist in typical realizations of Rydberg-EIT, including laser-frequency jitter, Doppler mismatch of the utilized two-color Rydberg EIT system, and strong probe fields. The obtained criteria to distinguish cold-atom EIT from ATS are readily accessible and applicable in practical implementations.

Coherent interaction of atoms with a beam of light confined in a light cage

“…a transmission peak within an otherwise unaltered absorption spectrum. In the strong coupling-laser regime, an augmentation in the transmission-peak width is witnessed as the coupling power is increased 47 , 48 . However, the peculiarity of this regime is the experimental observation of absorbing shoulders at δ p ≈ −0.3 GHz and 1.5 GHz.…”

Nonlinearity of Microwave Electric Field Coupled Rydberg Electromagnetically Induced Transparency and Autler-Townes Splitting

“…It is noted that this kind of nonlinear presented in this work and Ref. [12] is inevitable result of the quantum effect, when the Ω MW decrease to the critical value, the system become the quantum interference region, as discussed in our previous work [24]. In future work, the modulation and demodulation technique will be used to improve the Rydberg-atom-based field measurements.…”

“…However, in a weak region, measured f AT is less than Ω MW and denotes a nonlinear dependence, see the inset of Figure 3. The nonlinear behavior is attributed to the EIT effect when probe and coupling fields interact with atoms at a weak-coupling region [24,25].…”

“…where H is the Hamiltonian of the four-level atomic system in Figure 1b, and L is the Lindblad operator that accounts for the decay processes of the atom, the details of the decay are described in Refs. [12,24].…”

Rydberg atom based microwave sensing and communication

“…另外, 密歇根大学的Raithel团队 [31,54] [55] : 探 测 光 谱 线 均 表 现 为 两 个 吸 收 峰 和 一 个 透明窗口; 这两种现象在物理起源上则完全不同, EIT是量子相消干涉(一般而言是Fano干涉)的结果, 而AT分裂源于强驱动场诱导的双线结构, 是量子相 长干涉的结果. 自从Anisimov等人 [56,57] 提出衰变缀 饰态分析方法后, 一些研究工作给出了在三能级系 统中区分EIT和AT分裂的定量判据.…”