Transient Horner′s syndrome after paravertebral brachial plexus blockade in a dog

Viscasillas, Jaime; Sanchis‐Mora, Sandra; Hoy, Carol; Alibhai, Hatim

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.2012.00770.x

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…As we found in the current study, cholinergic synaptic transmission was impaired in APP -/-SCG, which is related to Horner's syndrome characterized by myosis, ptosis, enophthalmos, prolapse of the nictitating membrane and conjunctival and facial congestion (Viscasillas et al, 2013). As shown in Figure 8A, APP -/mice presented drooping of the one side eyelids randomly and visible white discoloration and inflammatory discharge around the eyelids.…”

Section: Asymmetric Eyes In App -/Micesupporting

confidence: 71%

Both pre- and post-synaptic alterations contribute to aberrant cholinergic transmission in superior cervical ganglia of APP−/− mice

et al. 2016

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Though amyloid precursor protein (APP) can potentially be cleaved to generate the pathological amyloid β peptide (Aβ), APP itself plays an important role in regulating neuronal activity. APP deficiency causes functional impairment in cholinergic synaptic transmission and cognitive performance. However, the mechanisms underlying altered cholinergic synaptic transmission in APP knock-out mice (APP(-/-)) are poorly understood. In this study, we conducted in vivo extracellular recording to investigate cholinergic compound action potentials (CAPs) of the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) in APP(-/-) and littermate wild-type (WT) mice. Our results demonstrate that APP not only regulates presynaptic activity, but also affects postsynaptic function at cholinergic synapses in SCG. APP deficiency reduces the number of vesicles in presynaptic terminalsand attenuatesthe amplitude of CAPs, likely due to dysfunction of high-affinity choline transporters. Pharmacological and biochemical examination showed that postsynaptic responsesmediated by α4β2 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are reduced in the absence of APP. Our research provides evidences on how APP regulates cholinergic function and therefore may help to identify potential therapeutic targets to treat cholinergic dysfunction associated with Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.

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Section: Asymmetric Eyes In App -/Micesupporting

confidence: 71%

Both pre- and post-synaptic alterations contribute to aberrant cholinergic transmission in superior cervical ganglia of APP−/− mice

et al. 2016

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“…This transient adverse event was described previously as a complication of paravertebral plexus block in a dog, 18 with resolution of clinical signs after drug absorption. We suggest that in this dog, the injected volume of ropivacaine (10 mL) was sufficient to diffuse to areas beyond the brachial plexus such as the stellate ganglion, producing the clinical signs (ptosis and miosis).…”

Section: Answersupporting

confidence: 63%

Anesthesia Case of the Month

Mateo¹,

Lam²,

Viscasillas³

2016

javma

Self Cite

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A 2-year-old 22.3-kg (49.1-lb) neutered male English Springer Spaniel was referred for surgical treatment of a left elbow joint fracture. The owner reported an acute onset of non-weight-bearing lameness in the left forelimb with no history of trauma. Swelling in the region of the left elbow joint was seen on physical examination. A lateral condylar fracture of the left humerus was evident on radiographs provided by the referring veterinarian.Open reduction and internal fixation of the condylar fracture was scheduled for the day after admission. Results of the preanesthetic assessment were otherwise normal; therefore, the patient was classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status II (mild systemic disease). The anesthesia protocol consisted of premedication with methadone (0.2 mg/kg [0.09 mg/lb], IV) in combination with acepromazine (0.01 mg/kg [0.0045 mg/lb], IV). Meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg, IV) was added for its antiinflammatory effects as part of a multimodal analgesia protocol. General anesthesia was induced with propofol (2 mg/kg [0.9 mg/lb]) administered IV to effect (total dose, 44.6 mg). The patient was orotracheally intubated, and anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen administered via a circle breathing system. Monitoring a included an ECG and measurement of oxygen saturation by means of pulse oximetry, end-tidal partial pressure of CO 2 , end-tidal isoflurane concentration, and blood pressure (measured noninvasively with an oscillometric method). End-tidal isoflurane concentration was maintained at 1.3% throughout surgery. Baseline cardiorespiratory parameters included heart rate of 100 beats/min, respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min, and systolic, mean, and diastolic blood pressures of 110, 68, and 51 mm Hg, respectively. With the patient anesthetized, repeated radiography confirmed a fracture of the left lateral humeral condyle and incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle, consistent with the lack of a history of trauma.An ultrasound-guided brachial plexus block was performed for intraoperative analgesia. The patient was positioned in right lateral recumbency for clipping and standard aseptic preparation of the lateral

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“…Although the animal in this report was young, without developed musculature, the local anesthetic application points were difficult to locate. Greater chances of blockade failure could lead to complications, such as intravenous injection, unilateral phrenic nerve palsy, laryngeal nerve palsy, intrathoracic injection, epidural or spinal anesthesia, and Horner's syndrome (VISCASILLAS et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Difficulties in inducing perineuronal anesthesia may lead to several clinical complications (VISCASILLAS et al, 2013). The success rate of the neuronal blockade can be increased with the use of a stimulator of the peripheral nerve, as it allows delicate positioning of the needle tip close to the nerve (IMBELLONI et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paravertebral cervical block for osteosynthesis of humeral fracture in foal

Miyashiro

Santos

Lucas

et al. 2019

SCA

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A modified cervical paravertebral block of the brachial plexus was performed with the aid of a nerve stimulator for osteosynthesis with four intramedullary pins in a 5-month-old colt weighing 180 kg diagnosed with a closed, complete, and oblique humerus fracture. Xylazine 2% (0.5 mg kg-1 IV) was administered as the pre-anesthetic medication. Anesthesia was induced with ketamine 10% (2 mg kg-1 IV) and midazolam 0.5% (5 mg kg-1 IV) and maintained with isoflurane. The animal was on mechanical ventilation. The nerve block was induced with administration of ropivacaine 0.75% in the ventral branches of C6 (intervertebral space C5–C6) and C7 (intervertebral space C6–C7) and in the branches of C8 and T1 at their convergence at the cranial margin of the first rib. During the 130-min duration of the surgery, no analgesic rescue was required. In conclusion, this blockade can be performed safely and promotes numbness of the humeral and olecranon regions.

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Transient Horner′s syndrome after paravertebral brachial plexus blockade in a dog

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Both pre- and post-synaptic alterations contribute to aberrant cholinergic transmission in superior cervical ganglia of APP−/− mice

Both pre- and post-synaptic alterations contribute to aberrant cholinergic transmission in superior cervical ganglia of APP−/− mice

Anesthesia Case of the Month

Paravertebral cervical block for osteosynthesis of humeral fracture in foal

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