Transición epitelio mesénquima: de lo molecular a lo fisiológico

Abstract

a RESUMENLa transición epitelio mesénquima (EMT) es un proceso compuesto de diferentes fases, donde una célula epitelial adquiere un fenotipo mesenquimal. Dentro de los cambios involucrados se encuentran: pérdida de la polaridad celular, adquisición de una capacidad migratoria, capacidad invasora, resistencia a la apoptosis y aumento en la producción de componentes de la matriz extracelular. Todos estos cambios ocurren como una consecuencia de la activación y represión de genes involucrados con rutas de señalización específicas relacionadas con este evento. La EMT está relacionada con procesos fisiológicos y patológicos como el cáncer. Consta de tres fases: una de células no migratorias, células premigratorias y células migratorias; cada una de ellas producto de diferentes señales intra o extracelulares, factores de transcripción (TGF-B, Snail, TWIST, Sox, Slug, ZEB1, entre otras) y proteínas involucradas (E-cadherina, integrina, vimentina, ocludinas y claudinas).

Role of RUNX2 transcription factor in epithelial mesenchymal transition in non-small cell lung cancer: Epigenetic control of the RUNX2 P1 promoter

“…Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an event where cells lose their epithelial properties, while acquiring mesenchymal characteristics. [7][8][9] During this process, it has been demonstrated that there are strong changes in epithelial and mesenchymal gene expression, regulated by important transcription and signaling factors. 9 In general, EMT is characterized by low E-CADHERIN and increased N-CADHERIN and VIMENTIN expression.…”

“…[7][8][9] During this process, it has been demonstrated that there are strong changes in epithelial and mesenchymal gene expression, regulated by important transcription and signaling factors. 9 In general, EMT is characterized by low E-CADHERIN and increased N-CADHERIN and VIMENTIN expression. For different types of cancer, EMT has been associated with a poor patient outcome and resistance to treatment.…”

Prolactin increases cell migration of MCF-7 cells without inducing an epithelium-mesenchyme transition

“…EMT is the process by which cells lose their epithelial characteristics and gain mesenchymal properties 6 . Among the changes involved are: loss of cell polarity, acquisition of a migratory capacity, invasive capacity, resistance to apoptosis, and increased production of the extra cellular matrix (ECM) components 7 . Epithelial cells form polarized sheets that anchor to the basement membrane to maintain apical-basal polarity.…”