Transforming the German Party System: The United States and the Origins of Political Moderation, 1945-1949

Channeling Janus: The Birth of the West German State and Rebirth of the German Nation

“…25 Further, the only party that the Americans allowed and then later permanently banned was the Bavarian Monarchist Party (BHKP). 26 In this regard, it is clear that through a combination of external influence and regulation by the Allies, and as a result of Germans wanting to develop an independent democracy, the political system of the FRG was established by 1949. 27 While this aspect of the Allied regulation of German political parties could be described as negative freedom for the German political system, there were some elements of the occupation in which the German political system encountered positive discrimination.…”

Enabling constraints: fontes institucionais de Coerência nas políticas públicas no pós-socialismo

“…9 Geddes (1994) 15 Sobre a origem do sistema político alemão do pós-guerra ver Rogers (1993) e Bawn (1993).…”

The cost of wisdom : a comparative theoretical analysis of research ethics in the United States, Germany and Hungary.

“…The allies, most particularly the Americans, thus actively dissuaded extremist dialogue in German political discourse during the period, 1945-1949(Rogers, 1993. To the occupying American military forces, rightist discourse smacked of National Socialism; leftist discourse sparked fears that West Germany might cross over to adopt the socialist pathway inflicted by the Soviets in the eastern lander of the divided country.…”

“…From the outset of West German reconstruction, then, political activity and discourse was pushed to the center, where a tepid moderation reigned. This would characterize West German political philosophy and party development for the remainder of the 20 th century (Pommerin, 1996;Rogers, 1993).…”