Transforming growth factor‐β1 level correlates with angiogenesis, tumor progression, and prognosis in patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma

Abstract

TGF-beta1 seems to affect tumor angiogenesis and to play an important role in tumor progression in patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma. Furthermore, the TGF-beta1 protein level may be an independent predictor of survival in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Does transforming growth factor-β1 predict for radiation-induced pneumonitis in patients treated for lung cancer?

“…The mechanisms through which TGF-β1 performs are complex, and involve both the inhibition of epithelial cell proliferation and the development of tissue fibrosis in response to irradiation [3,15,[29][30][31]. The role of TGF-β1 in the progression of human disease and in tissue response to therapy has already been described in great detail [3,7,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18]20,22,[32][33][34].…”

“…Several recent studies have investigated transforming growth factor-beta-1 (TGF-β1) as a predictor for RT-induced lung injury [1,3,7,[12][13][14][15]. TGF-β1 is a cytokine that has been suggested to play an important role in both tumor progression and normal tissue damage by suppressing antitumor immune responses, enhancing extracellular matrix production, and augmenting angiogenesis [16][17][18].…”

The role of microvessel density on the survival of patients with lung cancer: a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis

“…Ten were excluded (Giatromanolaki et al, 1996a(Giatromanolaki et al, ,b, 1997Koukourakis et al, 1997Koukourakis et al, , 1999Koukourakis et al, , 2000aKakolyris et al, 1999) because identical cohorts of patients were used in other selected publications. In the eight remaining eligible studies (Apolinario et al, 1997;Kawaguchi et al, 1997;Pastorino et al, 1997;Duarte et al, 1998;Ohta et al, 1999;O'Byrne et al, 2000;Han et al, 2001;Hasegawa et al, 2001), published between 1996 and 2001, the total …”

Tamoxifen decreases extracellular TGF-β1 secreted from breast cancer cells — A post-translational regulation involving matrix metalloproteinase activity

“…It has been proposed that tamoxifen action in breast cancer may be mediated in part by regulation of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) isoforms in tumor tissue; however, the pattern of this regulation are yet not clearly understood. TGF-β1 functions as a tumor promoter by affecting both tumor cell survival and tumor angiogenesis [6,9], and an increased expression of TGF-β1 is often seen in tumors of breast cancer patients, which may correlate with poor prognostic outcome [12]. The levels of TGF-β in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen have been investigated in several previous studies [29][30][31][32]; however, most investigations do not provide strong evidence for a generalized tamoxifen [20,27].…”

“…TGF-β1 has also been widely implicated in the regulation of cancer; initially as a tumor suppressor and at later stages as a promoter of tumor progression [3][4][5]. Excess TGF-β1 produced by tumor cells is suggested to act on the host to suppress immune surveillance, increase angiogenesis, and promote tumor cell survival and metastasis [6][7][8][9]. In breast cancer patients, an increased expression of TGF-β1 has been shown to correlate with metastatic disease and poor prognostic outcome [10][11][12].…”