Transforming Cancer Prevention through Precision Medicine and Immune-oncology

Kensler, Thomas W.; Spira, Avrum; Garber, Judy E.; Szabó, Éva; Lee, John; Dong, Zigang; Dannenberg, Andrew J.; Hait, William N.; Blackburn, Elizabeth H.; Davidson, Nancy E.; Foti, Margaret; Lippman, Scott M.

doi:10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0406

Cited by 134 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…HPV infection is well-recognised as the causative agent in all cervical cancers; with two types (16/18) underpinning 70% of cervical cancer cases worldwide [2]. HPV is also linked to genital, anal [3], and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) [4]. Approximately 95% of anal cancers are caused by HPV; 65% of vaginal cancers; 50% of vulvar cancers, and 35% of penile cancers [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccination in adolescent boys worldwide: A systematic review

Prue

Shapiro

Maybin

et al. 2016

Journal of Cancer Policy

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccination in adolescent boys worldwide: A systematic review

Prue

Shapiro

Maybin

et al. 2016

Journal of Cancer Policy

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“…The great achievement of precision medicine for individual care for diseases such as cancer is undeniable (Kensler et al, 2016). It is important to point out the downsides of the excessive focus on genetics and technology plus the impact of precision health costs over society.…”

Section: Costs and Criticismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision health contributions to public health: An integrative review

Amba¹,

Souza²,

Kenner³

et al. 2018

J. Public Health Epidemiol.

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Precision health is an all-encompassing term, which can describe a type of care that shows the intersectionality of genomics, precision health or medicine and public health. This integrative review aimed to investigate how precision health strategies could contribute to the public health and improve health-related outcomes among populations. The search strategy included 5 main keywords combined with other 63 descriptors, resulting in 252 potential combinations. A total of 1,576 published articles were retrieved from the search. Fourteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Most addressed healthrelated outcomes were linked with chronic diseases like diabetes and cancer. The analyzed papers also discussed contextual effects and risk factors such as smoking under the scope of precision health and its interfaces with public health. Application of precision health to public health requires more collaborative work; the use of science and technology to help individuals achieve better health outcomes is costly, although over time may result in more efficient, cost-effective resource allocation. The downside of it is the risk of excessive focus on genes and technology detrimental to other relevant determinants of health (e.g. social factors). It is important to give the population, government, health providers and other stakeholders equal voice in health innovation discussions.

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“…Studies demonstrating the ability of genomic profiling to provide insights into the biology of premalignancy have been recently reviewed (15). We summarize several recent examples that set the stage for a larger PCGA initiative outlined below.…”

Section: Recent Genomic Studies Of Premalignant Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Case for a Pre-Cancer Genome Atlas (PCGA)

Campbell

Mazzilli

Reid

et al. 2016

Cancer Prevention Research

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Understanding the earliest molecular and cellular events associated with cancer initiation remains a key bottleneck to transforming our approach to cancer prevention and detection. While TCGA has provided unprecedented insights into the genomic events associated with advanced stage cancer, there have been few studies comprehensively profiling premalignant and early-stage disease or elucidating the role of the microenvironment in premalignancy and tumor initiation. In this article, we make a call for development of a "Pre-Cancer Genome Atlas (PCGA)," a concerted initiative to characterize the molecular alterations in premalignant lesions and the corresponding changes in the microenvironment associated with progression to invasive carcinoma. This initiative will require a multicenter coordinated effort to comprehensively profile (cellular and molecular) premalignant lesions and their corresponding "field of injury" collected longitudinally as the lesion progresses towards or regresses from frank malignancy across multiple tumor types. Genomic characterization of alterations in premalignant lesions and their microenvironment, for both bulk tissue and single cells, will enable development of biomarkers for early detection and risk stratification as well as allow for the development of novel targeted cancer interception strategies. The multi-institutional and multidisciplinary collaborative "big-data" effort underlying the PCGA will help usher in a new era of precision medicine for cancer detection and prevention. Cancer Prev Res; 9(2); 119-24. Ó2016 AACR. The Bottleneck for Cancer Prevention and Early DetectionOne of the critical barriers to developing new approaches for cancer detection and prevention is the lack of understanding of the key molecular and cellular changes that cause cancer initiation and progression. Unlike the extensive work that has been done profiling advanced stage tumors, few studies have comprehensively profiled the genomic alterations found in precancerous tissues. Premalignant lesions are currently characterized by histologic changes that precede the development of invasive carcinoma (1, 2). These lesions can often be identified in regions surrounding an invasive tumor, in biopsies taken from patients undergoing diagnostic evaluation for suspicion of cancer, or in samples acquired during preventive screening. Currently, limited metrics exist to identify lesions that will likely progress to carcinoma and require intervention from those that will naturally regress or remain stable (3, 4). As imaging modalities and screening guidelines advance, the number of lesions identified will grow resulting in a need for more precise risk stratification methods and effective early intervention. Characterization of the molecular alterations in premalignant lesions and the corresponding

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Transforming Cancer Prevention through Precision Medicine and Immune-oncology

Cited by 134 publications

References 107 publications

Knowledge and acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccination in adolescent boys worldwide: A systematic review

Knowledge and acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccination in adolescent boys worldwide: A systematic review

Precision health contributions to public health: An integrative review

The Case for a Pre-Cancer Genome Atlas (PCGA)

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