“…CPSS results in a paradigm shift of intelligent complex systems and human societies by integrating the cyber space, physical space, and social space seamlessly. For guiding the corresponding physical systems and integrating multifaceted resources [29], CPSS has been effectively applied in many fields, including intelligent manufacturing [30], [31], energy [32] and power grid [33], [34], [35], intelligent transportation [36], smart vehicles [37], [38], enterprise management [14], [39], military operation [40], smart cities [41], [42], [43], et al…”