Transformation of the potato variety Desiree with single or multiple resistance genes increases resistance to late blight under field conditions

Haesaert, Geert; Vossen, Jack H.; Custers, René; Loose, Marc De; Haverkort, A. J.; Heremans, Betty; Hutten, R.C.B.; Kessel, G.J.T.; Landschoot, Sofie; Droogenbroeck, Bart Van; Visser, R.G.F.; Gheysen, Godelieve

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2015.07.018

Cited by 71 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The sustainable control of this pathogen can be achieved only through genetic modification. Different late blight resistance genes were cloned from wild relatives (Solanum stoloniferum, S. bulbocastanum, S. demissum, and S. venturii) and introduced in several potato cisgenic lines [32,33,47,48] using a marker-free transformation approach [32,34]. Stacking of multiple R genes maximized durability of resistance and a correct spatial and temporal management where different improved lines may subsequently be introduced in a cultivation rotation scheme, supporting disease management and reducing fungicide use by over 80%.…”

Section: Not All Gm Potatoes Are Equalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Organic Potato Farming on Human and Environmental Health and Benefits from New Plant Breeding Techniques. Is It Only a Matter of Public Acceptance?

Pacifico

Paris

2016

Sustainability

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Organic farming practices are commonly thought to reduce the environmental impact of agriculture and to preserve the naturalness of the products. Herein, we report the effect of crop management practices on nutritional and toxicological value of potato tubers. Comparative studies are often controversial and the results are dependent on genotype and methodological approach. Targeted analysis and "omics" strategies are discussed, pointing at the nutritional aspects and the corresponding biological and molecular processes involved. Organic farming supporters still do not accept the use of genetic modification to produce new varieties suited for organic agriculture and crop improvement by genetic engineering still sparks hot debate among various scientific and social factions whose major concern is the possible existence of unintended effects both on human and world health. In this context, the advent of "new plant breeding techniques" has reignited the discussion on genetic engineering and on the compatibility of the new technologies with an eco-friendly agriculture. Could cisgenic and genome-edited potatoes be new good options for organic agriculture? We discuss how these approaches can be used to address food security challenges and to overcome specific problems based on the biological characteristics of potato tubers, producing new varieties that can improve farmers' profit with a lower impact on public opinion. However, political, ethical, and social fears will probably persist much longer, mainly in Italy, historically a fiercely anti-GM country with a European leadership in organic food production and export.

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Section: Not All Gm Potatoes Are Equalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Organic Potato Farming on Human and Environmental Health and Benefits from New Plant Breeding Techniques. Is It Only a Matter of Public Acceptance?

Pacifico

Paris

2016

Sustainability

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“…Examples published comprise stacking R genes, for instance against late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans in potato (Haesaert et al 2015;Haverkort et al 2016) or against scab caused by Venturia inaequalis in apple (Krens et al 2015). Possible applications in intragenesis may vary widely, including disease resistance, e.g.…”

Section: Application Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

New developments in green biotechnology - an inventory for RIVM

Wiel¹,

Smulders

Visser³

et al. 2016

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“…To assess the quality of the resistance in the genetically engineered potatoes, field trials were performed in The Netherlands over many years and in Belgium in 2011 and 2012 [16]. The Desirée potatoes in those trials contained individual or multiple LBR genes from Solanum bulbocastanum, S. stoloniferum and S. venturii.…”

Section: Cisgenic Late Blight Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large part of these costs is associated with yield losses in developing countries and the purchase and application of fungicides in developed regions. Farmers in humid, moderate climates spray, on average, 10 to 15 times to control the disease, but this can go up to 20 times in wet growing seasons [16]. Organic potato producers must rely on Organic Materials Review Institute-listed products [17], labeled for the control of late blight, such as copper or sulfur products and selected biological fungicides.…”

Section: Durable and Ecological Control Of Late Blightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Organic Farming Should Embrace Co-Existence with Cisgenic Late Blight–Resistant Potato

Gheysen

Custers²

2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:The EU regulation on organic farming does not allow the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) which are subject to Directive 2001/18/EC. Mutagenesis using irradiation or chemicals is genetic modification, but the organisms obtained through these techniques are not subject to the provisions of the GMO directive. Such mutants can therefore be used in organic agriculture. Derived from its basic principles, organic farming can only use natural substances to control disease and crops should be resilient, which, in the case of disease resistance, means that durable (horizontal) resistance is preferred to vertical (single gene) resistance. Cisgenesis can achieve such a durable resistance by introducing multiple resistance genes in one step. These multiple-resistant plants only contain natural genes that can also be introduced by breeding. In case cisgenic plants are not subject to the provisions of the GMO legislation, they can even be legally used in organic agriculture. In case they are not exempted from the GMO regulation, the question is: why obstruct a cisgenic potato crop that can hardly be distinguished from a potato crop that is the result of conventional breeding? Among the reasons why organic agriculture does not allow the use of GMOs it is mentioned that genetic engineering is unpredictable, it causes genome disruption and it is unnatural. However, our knowledge of plant genome evolution and breeding has increased dramatically. We now know that breeding is more unpredictable and causes more genome disruption than genetic engineering. Recent field trials have shown the efficacy of cisgenic late blight-resistant potatoes carrying multiple resistance genes. Large-scale growing of such durably resistant potatoes would not only be environmentally beneficial by it would strongly reducing the need for fungicide sprays in conventional potato cultivation and it would also reduce the disease pressure in organic potato cultivation.

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Transformation of the potato variety Desiree with single or multiple resistance genes increases resistance to late blight under field conditions

Cited by 71 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of Organic Potato Farming on Human and Environmental Health and Benefits from New Plant Breeding Techniques. Is It Only a Matter of Public Acceptance?

Effect of Organic Potato Farming on Human and Environmental Health and Benefits from New Plant Breeding Techniques. Is It Only a Matter of Public Acceptance?

New developments in green biotechnology - an inventory for RIVM

Why Organic Farming Should Embrace Co-Existence with Cisgenic Late Blight–Resistant Potato

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