Transformation of bile acids by Clostridium perfringens

Hirano, Shuichiro; Masuda, Noriyuki; Oda, Hiroshi; Mukai, Hidefumi

doi:10.1128/aem.42.3.394-399.1981

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The trees were compared using Phylo.io (52). Sequence information given in Table S1 includes a number of previously characterized gut bacterial HSDH enzymes (53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted Synthesis and Characterization of a Gene Cluster Encoding NAD(P)H-Dependent 3α-, 3β-, and 12α-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases from Eggerthella CAG:298, a Gut Metagenomic Sequence

Mythen

Devendran

Méndez–García³

et al. 2018

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Gut metagenomic sequences provide a rich source of microbial genes, the majority of which are annotated by homology or unknown. Genes and gene pathways that encode enzymes catalyzing biotransformation of host bile acids are important to identify in gut metagenomic sequences due to the importance of bile acids in gut microbiome structure and host physiology. Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDHs) are pyridine nucleotide-dependent enzymes with stereospecificity and regiospecificity for bile acid and steroid hydroxyl groups. HSDHs have been identified in several protein families, including medium-chain and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase families as well as the aldo-keto reductase family. These protein families are large and contain diverse functionalities, making prediction of HSDH-encoding genes difficult and necessitating biochemical characterization. We located a gene cluster in sp. CAG:298 predicted to encode three HSDHs (CDD59473, CDD59474, and CDD59475) and synthesized the genes for heterologous expression in We then screened bile acid substrates against the purified recombinant enzymes. CDD59475 is a novel 12α-HSDH, and we determined that CDD59474 (3α-HSDH) and CDD59473 (3β-HSDH) constitute novel enzymes in an iso-bile acid pathway. Phylogenetic analysis of these HSDHs with other gut bacterial HSDHs and closest homologues in the database revealed predictable clustering of HSDHs by function and identified several likely HSDH sequences from bacteria isolated or sequenced from diverse mammalian and avian gut samples. Bacterial HSDHs have the potential to significantly alter the physicochemical properties of bile acids, with implications for increased/decreased toxicity for gut bacteria and the host. The generation of oxo-bile acids is known to inhibit host enzymes involved in glucocorticoid metabolism and may alter signaling through nuclear receptors such as farnesoid X receptor and G-protein-coupled receptor TGR5. Biochemical or similar approaches are required to fill in many gaps in our ability to link a particular enzymatic function with a nucleic acid or amino acid sequence. In this regard, we have identified a novel 12α-HSDH and a novel set of genes encoding an iso-bile acid pathway (3α-HSDH and 3β-HSDH) involved in epimerization and detoxification of harmful secondary bile acids.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted Synthesis and Characterization of a Gene Cluster Encoding NAD(P)H-Dependent 3α-, 3β-, and 12α-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases from Eggerthella CAG:298, a Gut Metagenomic Sequence

Mythen

Devendran

Méndez–García³

et al. 2018

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Bile is essential for digestion and absorption of fats and removal of excess cholesterol, bilirubin, drugs, and toxic compounds (Kanehisa, Tanabe, Sato, & Morishima, 2017 Sánchez, 2017). Eubacterium lentum and Clostridium perfringens were reported to possess the capability to produce iso-bile acids Hirano, Masuda, Oda, & Mukai, 1981). Enzymes from gut microbiota may contribute significantly to bile acid metabolism and essential for bile acid homeostasis in the host and contributed to host health (Long, Gahan, & Joyce, 2017).…”

Section: Dominance Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of gut microbiota in wild and captive Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides)

et al. 2018

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Aims The aim of this study was to identify and compare the gut microbial community of wild and captive Tor tambroides through 16S rDNA metagenetic sequencing followed by functions prediction. Methods and results The library of 16S rDNA V3‐V4 hypervariable regions of gut microbiota was amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. The sequencing data were analyzed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology ( QIIME ) pipeline and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States ( PICRUS t). The most abundant bacterial phyla in both wild and captive T. tambroides were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Cetobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcaceae family, Bacteroides spp., Phosphate solubilizing bacteria PSB ‐M‐3, and Vibrio spp. were five most abundant OTU in wild T. tambroides as compared to Cetobacterium spp., Citrobacter spp., Aeromonadaceae family, Peptostreptococcaceae family and Turicibacter spp. in captive T. tambroides . Conclusion In this study, the specimens of the wild T. tambroides contain more diverse gut microbiota than of the captive ones. The results suggested that Cetobacterium spp. is one of the core microbiota in guts of T. tambroides . Besides, high abundant Bacteroides spp., Citrobacter spp., Turicibacter spp., and Bacillus spp. may provide important functions in T. tambroides guts. Significance and impact of the study The results of this study provide significant information of T. tambroides gut microbiota for further understanding of their physiological functions including growth and disease resistance.

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“…As the same reproducible results were obtained with all five of the strains, the data from a representative strain, HD-26, are presented in this paper. The transformation of bile acids by anaerobically growing cultures and by resting cells incubated under anaerobic or aerobic conditions was examined in the same manner as described for our previous study with C. perfringens (6). For cultural experiments, the strain was grown in a modified peptone-yeast extract broth (7) containing 100 yg of bile acid per ml and analyzed for bile acids after anaerobic incubation for 7 days (in an anaerobic jar under an atmosphere of pure 90% N2 and 10% CO2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%