Comparative study of gut microbiota in wild and captive Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides)

Abstract

Aims The aim of this study was to identify and compare the gut microbial community of wild and captive Tor tambroides through 16S rDNA metagenetic sequencing followed by functions prediction. Methods and results The library of 16S rDNA V3‐V4 hypervariable regions of gut microbiota was amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. The sequencing data were analyzed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology ( QIIME ) pipeline and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States ( PICRUS t). The most abundant bacterial phyla in both wild and captive T. tambroides were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Cetobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcaceae family, Bacteroides spp., Phosphate solubilizing bacteria PSB ‐M‐3, and Vibrio spp. were five most abundant OTU in wild T. tambroides as compared to Cetobacterium spp., Citrobacter spp., Aeromonadaceae family, Peptostreptococcaceae family and Turicibacter spp. in captive T. tambroides . Conclusion In this study, the specimens of the wild T. tambroides contain more diverse gut microbiota than of the captive ones. The results suggested that Cetobacterium spp. is one of the core microbiota in guts of T. tambroides . Besides, high abundant Bacteroides spp., Citrobacter spp., Turicibacter spp., and Bacillus spp. may provide important functions in T. tambroides guts. Significance and impact of the study The results of this study provide significant information of T. tambroides gut microbiota for further understanding of their physiological functions including growth and disease resistance.

Sodium alginate supplementation modulates gut microbiota, health parameters, growth performance and growth‐related gene expression in Malaysian MahseerTor tambroides

“…In line with previous studies on T. tambroides and other fish species, our results indicated that gut microbiota of this species was dominated by the phylum Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes and Actinobacteria (Carda‐Diéguez et al, ; Hovda et al, ; Mohd Nosi et al., ; Tan et al, ). These phyla usually constitute the “core gut microbiota” of T. tambroides regardless of the diet type and represent up to 90% of fish intestinal microbiota (Mohd Nosi et al, ; Tan et al, ).…”

“…In line with previous studies on T. tambroides and other fish species, our results indicated that gut microbiota of this species was dominated by the phylum Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes and Actinobacteria (Carda‐Diéguez et al, ; Hovda et al, ; Mohd Nosi et al., ; Tan et al, ). These phyla usually constitute the “core gut microbiota” of T. tambroides regardless of the diet type and represent up to 90% of fish intestinal microbiota (Mohd Nosi et al, ; Tan et al, ). The presence of similar bacterial phylum in the gut microbiota of different sodium alginate‐supplemented diets of T. tambroides as well as in multiple fish species indicates that these bacteria are involved in important host gut functions, such as digestion, nutrient absorption and immune response (Ghanbari, Kneifel, & Domig, ).…”

“…Illumina MiSeq (Illumina) has been widely used for 16S rRNA gene sequencing of gastrointestinal tract microbiota of freshwater fishes (Kashinskaya et al, ; Liu et al, ) and marine fishes (Dehler, Secombes, & Martin, ; Hennersdorf et al, ; Song et al, ). Previous studies reported that the composition of gut microbiome has been influenced by different factors such as culture conditions (Tan et al, ), developmental stages (Mohd Nosi, Syed Jamil Fadaak, Muhammad, & Iehata, ), different diets (Carda‐Diéguez, Mira, & Fouz, ) and seasonal variation (Hovda, Fontanillas, McGurk, Obach, & Rosnes, ). Therefore, it is anticipated that dietary supplementation of sodium alginate will modulate the gut microbiota community in T. tambroides .…”

Effects of dietary supplementation with a microalga (Schizochytrium sp.) on the hemato-immunological, and intestinal histological parameters and gut microbiota of Nile tilapia in net cages

“…This genus is also found in freshwater aquatic environments and is rarely reported as pathogens in these animals, being a potential antagonist of pathogenic microorganisms from bacterial and fungal origin [64]. Less abundant and exclusive bacteria from the CON group such as bacteria from the genus Turicibacter and family Caldilineaceae have been reported in fish microbiota in natural environments [65,66]. Another bacteria little present, but with greater abundance in the SUP group, Ralstonia has been found in greater abundance in sea bass fed on functional diets, and its dominance possibly justified by the presence of essential oils in the diet [67].…”

Next‐generation sequencing reveals significant variations in bacterial compositions across the gastrointestinal tracts of the Indian major carps, rohu ( Labeo rohita ), catla ( Catla catla ) and mrigal ( Cirrhinus cirrhosis )

“…High relative abundances of Cetobacterium and Aeromonas suggest that they are the core microbiota in IMCs. Anaerobic bacteria are most common in the fish gut and play a crucial role in digestion via decomposition of organic debris, phytoplankton and zooplankton (Borsodi et al ; Tan et al ). Though some methods are available now, because of its obligate anaerobic properties, culturing of Cetobacterium in atmospheric conditions is difficult and, therefore, their effects have never been tested in fish.…”