Transformation of amino acid composition in bacterial cells of Lactobacillus bulgaricus during freeze-drying

Mitić, Stojanka

doi:10.1016/0011-2240(76)90135-8

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The stress of lyophilization may cause bacterial membrane disruption; may change the architecture of the cell wall; may affect the integrity of membrane proteins as well as cause the release of cytoplasmic components. Mitic (1976) showed that lyophilization of L. bulgaricus (1% viability) resulted in degradation of proteins and peptides and such degraded proteins, if exposed on the bacterial cell wall, may be the cause of the increased cytokine production.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Live and lyophilized Lactobacillus species elicit differential immunomodulatory effects on immune cells

Cai

Bay

Lee

et al. 2010

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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To study the mechanism of action of the lactobacilli, splenocytes were incubated with lactobacilli. We compared the ability of live and lyophilized Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus to modulate the production of interleukin 12p40 (IL-12p40), tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-10 by splenocytes from C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Blocking contact between lactobacilli and immune cells abrogated all cytokine production. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) was partially responsible, but not TLR4 or TLR9, for the induction of cytokine production in splenocytes. All cytokine production declined to basal levels when bacterial phagocytosis was inhibited. This shows that lactobacilli stimulation of cytokine production in splenocytes requires the process of phagocytosis and engagement of TLR2, but not TLR4 or TLR9.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%