Transformable structures: Materialising design for change

Abstract

Living in an age of rapid changes, designers are challenged to create solutions that remain sustainable in a continuously evolving environment. Since most of our earth's resources are finite, these solutions should incorporate efficient material use and reuse. Buildings and structures are always in transition. Facilitating these transformations is vital to the sustainable development of our built environment. With our group we study, develop and assess transformable structures on different scales, in different contexts and for various time-spans and purposes. This paper presents our work on transformable structures, based on four case studies: a kinetic curved-line folding component, a temporary and rapidly assembled structure, a dynamic wall assembly and a BIM tool for material flow assessment of adaptable buildings. Although varying in scale or purpose, these cases demonstrate the same key principles of transformability. Reducing the complexity of the connections and structural system facilitates an easy and rapid assembly, but also allows users and locals to participate in the assembly, maintenance, reconfiguration and deconstruction of the structure. Apart from benefits during the assembly and adaptability, it is important to assess transformable structures and building solutions on their material and cost effectiveness. With BIM tools it is possible to incorporate this assessment already in the conceptual design phases of a project, as illustrated in the fourth case. Keywords: BIM, deployable structures, design for change, kit-of-parts structures, material flows, prototyping, transformable structures. INTRODUCTIONThe complex nature of our built environment subjects it to continuous evolutionary processes. The subsequent changes in cultural trends, global markets and technological innovation increasingly lead to resource depletion and waste production, and thus endanger the self-sustaining nature of our planet. Because most of the earth's mineral and fossil resources are finite, they should be used and reused wisely. Designers are challenged to create solutions that remain sustainable in a continuously changing context. The structures of the built environment in which we operate are never end states, but phases of a process. Facilitating transformations is vital to sustainable development. This requires holistic approaches that take change into account and help alleviate future problems.By introducing transformational capacity at different design levels, we want to maximise the sustainability of settlements, structures and components through time while minimising the waste of resources. We believe that transformability can act as an important catalyst for sustainable development because of the social, economic and ecological qualities it generates over time and the life-cycle resource management it incorporates. With our research group, we study, analyse, design and assess transformable structures varying in scale, context, timespan and purpose. This paper discusses the main principles of the develop...

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