Transferring Multi-Scale Approaches From 3d City Modeling to Ifc-Based Tunnel Modeling

Abstract

ABSTRACT:A multi-scale representation of the built environment is required to provide information with the adequate level of detail (LoD) for different use cases and objectives. This applies not only to the visualization of city and building models, but in particular to their use in the context of planning and analysis tasks. While in the field of Geographic Information Systems, the handling of multi-scale representations is well established and understood, no formal approaches for incorporating multi-scale methods exist in the field of Building Information Modeling (BIM) so far. However, these concepts are much needed to better support highly dynamic planning processes that make use of very rough information about the facility under design in the early stages and provide increasingly detailed and fine-grained information in later stages. To meet these demands, this paper presents a comprehensive concept for incorporating multi-scale representations with infrastructural building information models, with a particular focus on the representation of shield tunnels. Based on a detailed analysis of the data modeling methods used in CityGML for capturing multiscale representations and the requirements present in the context of infrastructure planning projects, we discuss potential extensions to the BIM data model Industry Foundation Classes (IFC). Particular emphasis is put on providing means for preserving the consistency of the representation across the different Levels-of-Detail (LoD). To this end we make use of a procedural geometry description which makes it possible to define explicit dependencies between geometric entities on different LoDs. The modification of an object on a coarse level consequently results in an automated update of all dependent objects on the finer levels. Finally we discuss the transformation of the IFC-based multi-scale tunnel model into a CityGML compliant tunnel representation.

Collaborative planning of inner-city-railway-tracks: A generic description of the geographic context and its dynamic integration in a collaborative multi-scale geometry modelling environment

“…In a first step, an explicit representation -based on a low Level of Detail representation -of the vertical emergency exit is computed due to the necessity that GIS tools usually do not support procedural geometry used in CAD tools (cf. Borrmann et al [6]). Based on this explicit representation an evaluation (cf.…”

“…Both methods require to integrate the model of the planned object into a GIS environment which implies a semantic transformation of the data as addressed by Borrmann et al [6] and a transformation of the geometry from an implicit representation given by the procedural model into an explicit boundary representation as it is required by geospatial tools.…”

“…De Laat and van Berlo [10] present an extension to CityGML in order to convert semantic IFC data to CityGML. In the context of collaborative planning, Borrmann et al [6] describe an approach for incorporating multi-scale methods into Building Information Modelling (BIM) as well as a semantic mapping between the multi-scale procedural model they define and CityGML.…”

“…Notably if a client application can handle GML-geometry as a result of a WFS-request it should also be able to handle GML-geometry as a result of a WPS-request 5 Web Map Context Documents, Version 1.1.0 OGC Document 05-005 http:// www.opengeospatial.org/standards/wmc. 6 OGC OWS Context Conceptual Model, Version 1.0.0 Draft 13 OGC Document 12-080. 7 Since the size of HTTP-GET requests is limited depending on client, server and proxies (usually a length of 255 is considered as a safe size), we chose HTTP-POST whose size limitation considerably more generous.…”

Computational Support for Tunneling Activities: A Case Study in the Construction of the New Subway System of Santiago, Chile

“…In another study developed by a German research team [8], an improvement to the Yabuki' study was proposed. They proposed a generalized alignment model based on IFC4 to describe infrastructure project as highways, bridges or tunnels.…”