Transfer of Streptococcus adjacens and Streptococcus defectivus to Abiotrophia gen. nov. as Abiotrophia adiacens comb. nov. and Abiotrophia defectiva comb. nov., Respectively

Kawamura, Y.; Hou, Xiao-Gang; Sultana, Farjana; Liu, Shujun; Yamamoto, Hiroyuki; Ezaki, Takayuki

doi:10.1099/00207713-45-4-798

Cited by 169 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…NVS was initially classified as Streptococcus defectiva and Streptococcus Adjacens and later their names were changed to Abiotrophia defectiva and Abiotrophia adjacens [11]. Later many several other species such as A. balaenopterae and A. paraadjacens were identified [22][23][24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aortic Valve Endocarditis by a Rare Organism: Abiotrophia defectiva

Bajaj¹,

Rathor²,

Sethi³

et al. 2013

J Clin Exp Cardiolog

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Abiotrophia defectiva or nutritionally variant Streptococcus (NVS) is rare but important cause of infective endocarditis. We present a case of a 40 year old man with history of aortic valve replacement 14 years ago admitted for fever and chills. Blood culture grew A. defectiva in 4 out of 4 bottles. Patient became a febrile within few days after staring Ceftriaxone but subsequently had renal infarct due to septic embolization. Echocardiogram showed vegetations on aortic valve but no significant aortic regurgitation. After an 8 weeks course of Penicillin and Gentamicin was completed the patient had severe aortic regurgitation. Finally, aortic valve replacement and aortic root replacement was performed and patient did well after the surgery. Clinicians should be aware of this fastidious and aggressive organism when dealing with infective endocarditis. Complications rates are very high even on antibiotics and surgical treatment is needed in at least 50% of the cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aortic Valve Endocarditis by a Rare Organism: Abiotrophia defectiva

Bajaj¹,

Rathor²,

Sethi³

et al. 2013

J Clin Exp Cardiolog

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“…All strains used were type strains (Table 1). Strains were cultured as described by the thin-layer chromatography method described previously (16). For other amino acid analyses (28), bacteria (50 mg, wet weight) were suspended in 10 ml 10% trichloroacetic acid and boiled for 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Identification of Members of the Genus Corynebacterium at Genus and Species Levels with 16S rDNA‐Targeted Probes

Hou

Kawamura

Sultana

et al. 1997

Microbiology and Immunology

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16S rRNA gene-targeted probes were designed for the identification of corynebacteria at the genus and species levels. The genus-specific probe hybridized all clinically important members of the genus Corynebacterium and could distinguish them from other coryneform bacteria and phylogenetically related high G C% gram-positive bacteria, including Actinomyces, Rhodococcus, Gordona, Nocardia, Streptomyces, Brevibacterium and Mycobacterium. The species-specific probes for C. jeikeium and C. diphtheriae could differentiate these two species from other members of this genus. The probes were used to select corynebacteria among gram-positive clinical isolates which had been tentatively identified as corynebacteria by biochemical tests. We screened 59 strains with the genus-specific probe; 51 strains hybridized to the genus-specific probe, 8 did not. Of the 51 strains that hybridized to the genus-specific probe, 1 hybridized to the C. diphtheriae species probe and 13 hybridized to the C. jeikeium species probe. The 8 strains that did not hybridize to the genus probe were further characterized by analyzing cell wall diaminopimelic acid and partial 16S rRNA sequencing. The results indicated that these strains were distributed in the genera Arthrobacter and Brevibacterium.

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“…Este grupo fue descrito por primera vez en 1961 por Frenkel y Hirsh 3 . Treinta y cuatro años después, se estableció a Abiotrophia como un nuevo género del EVN 4 . Posteriormente, la especie Abiotrophia fue reclasificada como Granulicatella, siendo la especie elegans una de las descritas inicialmente [5][6] .…”

unclassified

Granulicatella spp.

Reyes¹,

Barthel²

2015

Rev. chil. infectol.

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Granulicatella spp. is a bacteria of the oral cavity, belonging to the nutritionally variant group streptococci, and has been identified in 5% of all bacterial endocarditis. It's an important etiologic species in endocarditis, particularly in the setting of negative blood cultures. Granulicatella is a non-mobile, non-spore forming organism that is both catalase and oxidase negative. The treatment for Granulicatella, is the same for Enterococcus according to the American and European guidelines, however resistance to this treatment has been reported.Key words: Granulicatella, nutritionally variant streptococci, endocarditis.Palabras clave: Granulicatella, Streptococcus de variante nutricional, endocarditis. E n los últimos años, la epidemiología de los microorganismos ha ido variando de la mano de los avances en las técnicas de diagnóstico y clasificación bacteriológica. El advenimiento de técnicas como la reacción de polimerasa en cadena (RPC), replicación de ADN y medios selectivos han permitido descubrir la presencia de nuevos microorganismos que se han identificado como responsables de diversas patologías infecciosas que antes se adjudicaban a los grupos más clásicos y frecuentes. Es así, por ejemplo, que en la endocarditis infecciosa (EI) el microorganismo más frecuentemente aislado es Streptococcus viridans, en 44% de los casos 1 , sin embargo, existe un porcentaje no despreciable de microorganismos no típicos que han sido identificados como agentes etiológicos de esta patología, siendo Streptococcus de variante nutricional (EVN) responsables de 5% de los casos con diagnóstico bacteriológico . Posteriormente, la especie Abiotrophia fue reclasificada como Granulicatella, siendo la especie elegans una de las descritas inicialmente [5][6] . Granulicatella y Abiotrophia son parte de la microbiota normal de la mucosa oral y urogenital, además de la intestinal 2 . Se estima que G. elegans está presente en 10% de la placa dental y puede causar bacteriemia en casos de patología gingival 7 . Una de las características de G. elegans es la producción de actividad bacteriolítica y exopolisacárido 7 . Granulicatella es un organismo no móvil, no formador de esporas, catalasa y oxidasa negativa. Crece como colonias satélite adyacentes a Staphylococcus epidermidis en agar sangre con α hemólisis 8 . Su identificación y diferenciación con Abiotrophia es usualmente hecha con pruebas bioquímicas o por confirmación molecular 9,10 . La espectrometría de masa 11 , si bien es útil, no está ampliamente disponible.Hospital Naval Almirante Nef, Viña del Mar. . En cuanto al estudio de susceptibilidad, la recomendación es no realizarla mediante difusión en disco, sino que por método de microdilución 25 . Los hallazgos en la literatura reportan una susceptibilidad de 60% para penicilina G, 60% para ceftriaxona, 81% para amoxicilina y 96% para meropenem en caso de G. adiacens. Granulicatella elegans es 100% sensible a penicilina y 33% a ceftriaxona 26,27 . De acuerdo a la experiencia descrita en las publicaciones médicas, los antibacteri...

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Transfer of Streptococcus adjacens and Streptococcus defectivus to Abiotrophia gen. nov. as Abiotrophia adiacens comb. nov. and Abiotrophia defectiva comb. nov., Respectively

Cited by 169 publications

References 12 publications

Aortic Valve Endocarditis by a Rare Organism: Abiotrophia defectiva

Aortic Valve Endocarditis by a Rare Organism: Abiotrophia defectiva

Genetic Identification of Members of the Genus Corynebacterium at Genus and Species Levels with 16S rDNA‐Targeted Probes

Granulicatella spp.

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