Transfer of Cystoisospora suis-specific colostral antibodies and their correlation with the course of neonatal porcine cystoisosporosis

Comportamiento epidemiológico de Cystoisospora suis en granjas porcinas ubicadas en la región central de Venezuela

“…Probablemente, los lechones que se crían con cerdas primerizas no reciben la cantidad y calidad de anticuerpos calostrales para combatir infecciones por C. suis, mientras que aquéllos que se crían con cerdas adultas con sistemas inmunológicos más desarrollados, reciben anticuerpos necesarios que permiten al lechón adquirir una mejor inmunidad pasiva y combatir infecciones por C. suis. Los lechones neonatos tienen un sistema inmune inmaduro, y la transferencia calostral de células inmunes y anticuerpos es esencial para controlar las infecciones a esa edad; sin embargo, se ha demostrado que los anticuerpos calostrales no protegen contra la enfermedad (30,31,32) . Algunos autores demostraron la transferencia de células inmunes y anticuerpos específicos contra C. suis a través del calostro, pero estos anticuerpos no proporcionaron protección contra la manifestación clínica de la enfermedad (30,31,32) .…”

The genome of the protozoan parasite Cystoisospora suis and a reverse vaccinology approach to identify vaccine candidates

“…The next day, blots were blocked for 1 h using 2% (w/v) BSA. After three washes with TTBS buffer (100 mM Tris, 0.9% NaCl, 0.1% Tween 20), the blots were incubated with porcine anti- C. suis serum (Schwarz et al, 2013) (having an IFAT antibody titer ⩾ 10,000) diluted in TTBS buffer (1:300) under gentle agitation at room temperature for 30 min. After rinsing in TTBS for 15 min, blots were exposed to biotinylated goat anti-pig IgG (Vector laboratories, USA; 1:500 dilution) as secondary antibody for 30 min at room temperature, incubated with ABC solution (Vector Laboratories) and finally detected by 3,3′-5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB).…”

“…After rinsing in TTBS for 15 min, blots were exposed to biotinylated goat anti-pig IgG (Vector laboratories, USA; 1:500 dilution) as secondary antibody for 30 min at room temperature, incubated with ABC solution (Vector Laboratories) and finally detected by 3,3′-5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Pre-colostral sera from non-infected piglets served as negative controls (Schwarz et al, 2013). …”

“…Immune Response of Pigs to Isospora suis (Apicomplexa, Eimeriidae), PhD Thesis, Auburn University, USA; Worliczek et al, 2010a, Schwarz et al, 2013, Gabner et al, 2014) and that superinfection of sows ante partum with high doses of oocysts can confer partial maternal protection (Schwarz et al, 2014). Since the use of live, virulent vaccines in large amounts is not practical and attenuated lines are not currently available for C. suis , a systematic search for proteins with antigenic properties is required to find appropriate vaccine candidates for testing and antigenic characterisation.…”

Vaccination against parasites – status quo and the way forward

“…Since a relative of C. suis, Cryptosporidium parvum which also inhabits the epithelium of the small intestine, is at least partially controlled by specific antibodies [23], investigations in the possible role of anti- C. suis antibodies were made and colostral transfer of antibodies resulting in high serum levels in piglets was described, and IgA levels in the blood of piglets experimentally infected with C. suis soon after birth were negatively correlated with diarrhoea [34]. When sows were inoculated before birth with high doses of C. suis oocysts, no clinical signs or oocyst excretion were noticed but the levels of immunoglobulins (especially IgA) in their blood, colostrum and milk were correlated with a decrease in diarrhoea and oocyst excretion in their experimentally infected off spring compared to piglets from non-superinfected sows [35], indicating that application of oocysts to sows ante partum can confer at least partial protection against C. suis in piglets.…”