Transfer of Atrazine Degradation Capability To Mineralize Aged ¹⁴C-Labeled Atrazine Residues in Soils

Abstract

The degradation of environmentally long-term aged (22 years) ¹⁴C-labeled atrazine residues in soil stimulated by inoculation with atrazine-adapted soil from Belgium, the United States (U.S.), and Brazil at two different moisture regimes (50% WHCmax/slurried conditions) was evaluated. Inoculation of the soil containing the aged ¹⁴C-labeled atrazine residues with 5, 50, and 100% (w/w) Belgian, U.S., or Brazilian atrazine-adapted soil increased ¹⁴C-atrazine residue mineralization by a factor of 3.1-13.9, depending upon the amount of atrazine-adapted soil inocula and the moisture conditions. Aged ¹⁴C-atrazine residue mineralization varied between 2 and 8% for Belgian and between 1 and 2% for U.S. and Brazilian soil inoculum at 50% WHCmax but was increased under slurried conditions, accounting for 8-10% (Belgian soil), 2-7% (Brazilian soil), and 3% (American soil). The results show that an increased degradation of long-term aged ¹⁴C-labeled atrazine residues is possible by the transfer of atrazine-adapted soil microflora from different soils and regions to non-adapted soil.

Effects of Biochar Amendment on Chloropicrin Adsorption and Degradation in Soil

“…Jones et al found that biochar suppresses simazine biodegradation and reduces simazine leaching [11]. However, Jablonowski et al observed that increased degradation of atrazine residues likely occurred through the transfer of atrazine-adapted soil microflora from different soils and regions to non-adapted soil [12]. Therefore, the influence of biochar on pesticides produces variable results.…”

Design and Characterization of a Novel Hapten and Preparation of Monoclonal Antibody for Detecting Atrazine

“…It resists environmental degradation owing to a slow photolysis and hydrolysis rate [ 2 ]. It disrupts the photosynthetic (energy-producing) process in broadleaf weeds and annual grasses [ 3 ]. ATR has become the most frequently detected pesticide in surface water and groundwater [ 4 ].…”

The Effect of Two Types of Biochars on the Efficacy, Emission, Degradation, and Adsorption of the Fumigant Methyl Isothiocyanate

“…Consequently, biochar soil amendments are attracting increasing attention from policy makers in China and other countries. However, types of biochar that have an exceptionally high sorption [10] or degradation [7,11] capacity for organic chemicals, especially pesticides, may have both positive and negative impacts on pest management. On the one hand, the high retentive qualities of biochar may prevent or reduce the leaching of soil-applied herbicides and insecticides [12,13] and may decrease the rate at which they are degraded by soil microorganisms.…”