Transfer of antirotaviral antibodies from mothers to their infants

McLean, B; Holmes, Ian

doi:10.1128/jcm.12.3.320-325.1980

Cited by 55 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Severe infections with rotavirus occur more frequently in young children aged 6-12 months in the developing countries [Saha et al, 1984;Coiro et al, 1985;Rowland et al, 1985;Steele et al, 1986]. Probably children <6 months of age are protected from severe diarrhoea due to circulating maternal antibodies [McLean and Holmes, 1980;Espinosa Larios and Ruiz-Gomez, 1981;Ringenbergs et al, 1988;Kelkar et al, 2001]. In the present study, most of the child patients were between 6 months and 2 years of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Measurement of antirotavirus IgM/IgA/IgG responses in the serum samples of Indian children following rotavirus diarrhoea and their mothers

Ray

Kelkar

2004

Journal of Medical Virology

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Rotavirus specific, serum IgM/IgA/IgG levels among hospitalized children and their respective mothers were determined. Children were grouped as having rotavirus diarrhoea (RVD) and non-rotavirus diarrhoea (NRVD) on the basis of fecal excretion measured by ELISA and RT-PCR. Although IgM seropositivity was observed among children of both the groups, it was significantly higher in the acute as well as convalescent phase serum samples (P < 0.05 for both) of RVD group. Five out of ten acute sera from the NRVD group were positive for IgM and seven showed IgA/IgG seroconversion indicating rotavirus infection among these children in the past. It was noted that, three out of 24 mothers' sera from RVD group, showed presence of IgM in the serum collected during convalescence of their children. The observation suggests, subclinical rotavirus infection among mothers probably contacted from their children. This is supported by the seroconversion for IgA/IgG among these three mothers. Such a phenomenon was not noticed among the mothers from NRVD group. In general, IgA positivity did not vary significantly among the children from both the groups. IgA seropositivity was significantly higher (P < 0.001) from children of RVD group as compared to healthy group of children following rotavirus infection. From RVD group, all the child patients and 12 mothers out of 24 (50%) showed IgA/IgG seroconversion. None of the mothers from NRVD group showed seroconversion. Serum samples of healthy children and adults, showed IgM positivity at equal level (10%), but a significant difference (P < 0.01) was observed in IgA positivity. In conclusion, subclinical transmission of rotavirus infection from children to their mothers may occur. Seroconversion alone cannot be considered as a marker of rotavirus diarrhoea in children. Moreover, about 40-50% of subjects lacked rotavirus specific IgA at protective levels, making them susceptible to rotavirus infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Measurement of antirotavirus IgM/IgA/IgG responses in the serum samples of Indian children following rotavirus diarrhoea and their mothers

Ray

Kelkar

2004

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…It is generally accepted that neonates are particularly susceptible to rotavirus infection and disease. The absence of viral receptors on intestinal cells (14,22,32) and virus-specific immunity (1,11,19,20,25,28) have been implicated in the mechanism of this age-dependent pattern of infection and disease. Thus, Wolf et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-Specific Immunity in Neonatal and Adult Mouse Rotavirus Infection

et al. 1983

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Mouse rotavirus (epizootic diarrhea of infant mice) was used as a model to study the role of virus-specific immunity in infection and diarrheal disease. The distribution of viral antigen in intestinal tissues was determined by immunofluorescent staining with anti-simian rotavirus (SA-11) serum. The location and proportion of antigen-positive cells appeared to vary as a function of time postinfection and age of the animal at the time of infection. In animals infected at 1 and 7 days of age, antigen-positive cells (5 to 25%) were first detected (1 day postinfection) in the proximal segment of the small intestine, and infection progressed to the middle and distal segments. At 10 days postinfection, virusinfected cells were no longer observed in the proximal segment. In animals infected at 21 days of age (disease-free), a significantly lower proportion of cells were antigen positive (2 to 5%), and they were restricted to the middle and distal segments of the small intestine. Infection, defined according to the presence of virus and viral antigens in intestinal tissues and by seroconversion in the immunoglobulin M (IgM) isotype as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with SA-11 antigen, was observed for all age groups (neonatal to adult), even in the presence of virus-specific serum or intestinal immunoglobulins. On the other hand, diarrheal disease was not detected in neonatal mice (1 to 3 days old) positive for passively acquired virus-specific intestinal IgG. The presence of virus-specific IgA in the intestinal tract at the time of infection did not protect from subsequent diarrheal disease. Virus-specific, cell-mediated immunity, determined by a delayed-type hypersensitivity response, did not develop in neonatal mice infected at 5 and 12 days of age. Reinfection of adult mice was associated with suppression of virus-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity and a significant decrease in the titers of the virus-specific serum IgG and IgA. 917 on July 16, 2020 by guest

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“…Breast milk contains natural molecules that can protect children against infectious agents [Akao et al, 1971; Gindrat et al, 1972; McLean and Holmes, 1980]. Among these compounds, neutralizing maternal antibodies, lactoferrin, cytokines and lipid compounds have been suggested to play an important role in that process [Isaacs et al, 1990; Basolo et al, 1993; Newburg et al, 2004].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human milk can neutralize Coxsackievirus B4 in vitro

Sané¹,

Alidjinou²,

Kacet

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Virology

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The role of enteroviruses in type 1 diabetes has long been suspected. A lower risk of type 1 diabetes is associated with breastfeeding, which could be due to a protective effect against enteroviruses. The neutralizing activity of breast milk against CVB4, a representative of enteroviruses was investigated in this study in vitro. Breast milk was cytotoxic to Hep-2 cells up to a dilution of 1/32, whereas the aqueous fraction obtained after centrifugation was not cytotoxic; although it inhibited the cytopathic effect of CVB4 on Hep-2 cell monolayers. The anti-CVB4 neutralizing activity of aqueous fractions of breast milk from 49 donors living in Northern France and 15 donors living in Congo, where enteroviral infections are more prevalent, were determined. The levels of colostrum activity expressed as titre ranged from <2 to 32 in 36% of the donors from France whereas they were >128 in every donor from Congo. Pasteurized colostrum had a lower anti-CVB4 activity compared to fresh samples (P < 0.0001, n = 49). The treatment of colostrum samples with jacalin-coated beads that bind specifically to human IgA, showed that IgA plays a role in anti-CVB4 activity. There was no correlation between the neutralizing activities of breast milk and serum (P = 0.37, n = 25). The current study showed that the variations in anti-CVB4 activity in breast milk can be attributed to environmental and living conditions. Whether a low protective activity of breast milk against enteroviruses expose newborns to a higher risk of type 1 diabetes deserves further investigation.

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Transfer of antirotaviral antibodies from mothers to their infants

Cited by 55 publications

References 17 publications

Measurement of antirotavirus IgM/IgA/IgG responses in the serum samples of Indian children following rotavirus diarrhoea and their mothers

Measurement of antirotavirus IgM/IgA/IgG responses in the serum samples of Indian children following rotavirus diarrhoea and their mothers

Virus-Specific Immunity in Neonatal and Adult Mouse Rotavirus Infection

Human milk can neutralize Coxsackievirus B4 in vitro

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