Transfer of Active Ingredients from Plant
Protection Products to a Honeybee
(Apis mellifera F.) Hive from Winter Oilseed Rape
Crops Protected with Conventional Methods

Piechowicz, Bartosz; Grodzicki, Przemysław; Podbielska, Magdalena; Tyrka, Natalia; Śliwa, Małgorzata

doi:10.15244/pjoes/76362

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The majority of studies are focused on possible synergistic effects on mortality in summer bees between pyrethroid insecticides and azole fungicides [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 28 , 29 ], neonicotinoid and pyrethroid insecticides [ 25 , 30 ], and between neonicotinoid insecticides and azole fungicides [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. However, substances belonging to the three main classes of pesticides, i.e., herbicides, fungicides and insecticides, have been detected in beehives [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Thus, it is crucial to investigate the combined effects of mixtures of pesticides from different classes at environmentally relevant concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of the Pesticides Imidacloprid, Difenoconazole and Glyphosate Alone and in Binary and Ternary Mixtures to Winter Honey Bees: Effects on Survival and Antioxidative Defenses

Pal

Almasri

Paris

et al. 2022

Toxics

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To explain losses of bees that could occur after the winter season, we studied the effects of the insecticide imidacloprid, the herbicide glyphosate and the fungicide difenoconazole, alone and in binary and ternary mixtures, on winter honey bees orally exposed to food containing these pesticides at concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 µg/L. Attention was focused on bee survival, food consumption and oxidative stress. The effects on oxidative stress were assessed by determining the activity of enzymes involved in antioxidant defenses (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) in the head, abdomen and midgut; oxidative damage reflected by both lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation was also evaluated. In general, no significant effect on food consumption was observed. Pesticide mixtures were more toxic than individual substances, and the highest mortalities were induced at intermediate doses of 0.1 and 1 µg/L. The toxicity was not always linked to the exposure level and the number of substances in the mixtures. Mixtures did not systematically induce synergistic effects, as antagonism, subadditivity and additivity were also observed. The tested pesticides, alone and in mixtures, triggered important, systemic oxidative stress that could largely explain pesticide toxicity to honey bees.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of the Pesticides Imidacloprid, Difenoconazole and Glyphosate Alone and in Binary and Ternary Mixtures to Winter Honey Bees: Effects on Survival and Antioxidative Defenses

Pal

Almasri

Paris

et al. 2022

Toxics

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“…Their yields depend largely on the efficiency of their pollination by insects (Chauzat et al 2009 ). Worker bees, when foraging on entomophilous plants, may simultaneously collect various contaminants and transfer them to the hive (Anderson and Wojtas 1986 ; Chauzat et al 2009 ; Cresswell and Thompson 2012 ; Oruc et al 2012 ; Piechowicz et al 2018a , b ). Some pesticides used to protect raspberry plantations from pests and diseases show a possibility of accumulation in the bee bodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pohorecka et al ( 2017 ) suggest that the phenomenon of winter colony collapse could be caused by honeybee parasites. Studies of Piechowicz et al ( 2018a , b ) on the transfer of plant protection products from oilseed rape crops and orchards to beehives showed a presence of pesticides both in bee bodies (5/7 detected compounds at rape plantation 1; 3/5 at rape plantation 2; and 5/6 AIs in orchards) and in honeybee brood (4 and 2 AIs in hives located near rape crops and 6 AIs in bees in the orchard), and in honey (3 and 3 AIs in rape honey and 4 AIs in apple-pear honey). In the studied cases, when the worker bees were directly exposed to pesticides originating from the crops, no deterioration in honeybee colony well-being was observed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Transfer of the Active Ingredients of Some Plant Protection Products from Raspberry Plants to Beehives

Piechowicz

Szpyrka

Zaręba

et al. 2017

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Plant protection products (PPPs) have been found increasingly in the environment. They pose a huge threat to bees, contributing to honeybee colony losses and consequently to enormous economic losses. Therefore, this field investigation was designed to determine whether their active ingredients (AIs) were transferred from raspberry plants to beehives located in the immediate neighbourhood of the crop and to what extent they were transferred. Every week for 2 months, samples of soil, raspberry leaves, flowers and fruits, worker bees, honeybee brood, and honey were collected and analysed for the presence of propyzamide, chlorpyrifos, iprodione, pyraclostrobin, boscalid, cypermethrin, difenoconazole, azoxystrobin, and pyrimethanil residues. Five of these substances were found in the worker bee bodies. Chlorpyrifos, applied to only the soil through the irrigation system, also was detected in the brood. A small amount of boscalid was noted in the honey, but its residues did not exceed the maximum residue level. For chlorpyrifos, boscalid, and pyrimethanil, a positive correlation between the occurrence of PPPs in the crops and the beehives was found. Statistical methods confirmed that the application of PPPs on a raspberry plantation, as an example of nectar-secreting plants, was linked to the transfer of their AIs to beehives.

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“…In addition to different insecticide residues in oilseed rape [20], wild plants (like dandelions) growing near agricultural fields, which are often visited by foraging bees for nectar and pollen, were found to contain neonicotinoid insecticides [21]. In general, different agricultural chemicals have been found in pollen and nectar of crop plants, posing a potential risk to bee pollinators [22][23]. In real-world scenarios, the detrimental effects in bee populations may vary depending on the exposure of foraging bees to pesticides either by direct contact during spraying or by indirect continuous accumulation of pesticide residues in bees via all available contaminated food sources such as nectar and/or pollen [13,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Oral and Contact Toxicity of Three Plant Protection Products to Adult Solitary Bees <i>Osmia bicornis</i>

Mokkapati¹,

Wnęk²,

Laskowski³

et al. 2021

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Bee pollinators decline worldwide over the last decades mainly due to the widespread use of pesticides. However, the data on wild bee sensitivity to pesticides are scarce. As it may not be possible to stop using pesticides at the moment due to a growing food demand, we need to make every effort to ensure that they are used in a way that do not jeopardize pollinator populations. We tested the toxicity of three agrochemicals, namely Dursban 480 EC with chlorpyrifos as active ingredient (a.i.), Sherpa 100 EC (a.i. cypermethrin), and Mospilan 20 SP (a.i. acetamiprid), to female Osmia bicornis through oral and contact exposures. The estimated LC 50 s at infinite-time were lower than concentrations recommended for field application for Dursban in both exposure routes, whereas in case of Sherpa and Mospilan the values were lower for oral exposure only. Regardless of the exposure route, high mortality in less than 24 hours was observed in Dursban-treated bees at a fraction of concentration actually used by farmers in the field, indicating high toxicity of this product to O. bicornis. Therefore, some commonly used insecticides may cause unacceptable effects to pollinators even when applied in the field according to recommendations, indicating the urgent need for revising current pesticide usage regulations.

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Transfer of Active Ingredients from Plant Protection Products to a Honeybee (Apis mellifera F.) Hive from Winter Oilseed Rape Crops Protected with Conventional Methods

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Toxicity of the Pesticides Imidacloprid, Difenoconazole and Glyphosate Alone and in Binary and Ternary Mixtures to Winter Honey Bees: Effects on Survival and Antioxidative Defenses

Toxicity of the Pesticides Imidacloprid, Difenoconazole and Glyphosate Alone and in Binary and Ternary Mixtures to Winter Honey Bees: Effects on Survival and Antioxidative Defenses

Transfer of the Active Ingredients of Some Plant Protection Products from Raspberry Plants to Beehives

Acute Oral and Contact Toxicity of Three Plant Protection Products to Adult Solitary Bees <i>Osmia bicornis</i>

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