Transfer and Distribution of Gunshot Residue through Glass Windows

Abstract

Research into the deposition patterns of primer gunshot residue (GSR) beyond a primary target was previously nonexistent. This study aimed to determine the deposition patterns of GSR once a bullet passed through an initial target and continued on its path into additional targets. Multiple repetitions were performed to assess the GSR deposition patterns after a bullet was shot through a closed window into either a dummy or a wall within an enclosed room. Samples were taken from both the primary and secondary target holes as well as from nontarget areas. Significant amounts of GSR were found on all samples. The results show that GSR continues to be deposited along the path of the bullet after passing through a primary glass target. These findings reiterate the lack of probative value in collecting GSR samples from gunshot victims even if they are in an enclosed area separate from the shooter.

Toward Locard’s Exchange Principle: Recent Developments in Forensic Trace Evidence Analysis

“…Greely and Weber performed a very interesting study modeled after a real life case. 147 This study showed that GSR can be deposited on other surfaces inside a room even after firing through glass. The authors stated that these findings emphasize the idea that collecting GSR from victims of a shooting crime is virtually useless, as this evidence may not really elucidate anything.…”

“…Studies regarding GSR patterns were also recently published. Greely and Weber performed a very interesting study modeled after a real life case . This study showed that GSR can be deposited on other surfaces inside a room even after firing through glass.…”

Controversial Suicide Case Using a Submachine Gun with a Sound Suppressor—The Need of Team Work of Forensic Chemistry and Firearm Examiners

“…Therefore, their detection and identification may help in establishing some circumstances of a shooting incident for forensic purposes (9). These embrace not only relating a person with the fact of using a gun (10)(11)(12) but also an assessment of the shooting distance (13), establishing the kind of ammunition used (14,15), the confirmation of common source of GSR taken from various substrates, and establishing their distribution in specific areas of the crime scene, as demonstrated in recent publications (16)(17)(18)(19).…”