Transesterification of palm oil to biodiesel by using waste obtuse horn shell-derived CaO catalyst

Lee, Seik Lih; Wong, Y. C.; Tan, Yeshu; Yew, Sook Yan

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2014.12.067

Cited by 169 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…After calcination at 950 ºC, a sharp band starts to appear at 3642 cm -1 , which represents the OH stretching band. These bands at a higher temperature indicate that the bands are shifted to a high-energy level due to a decrease in the reduced mass of the functional group attached to carbonate ion [18]. A wide pattern extending from 400 to 850 cm -1 also confirms the formation of ϒ-alumina after calcination of WS.…”

Section: Results and Discussion 31 Catalyst Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 49%

Novel Solid Base Catalyst Derived from Drinking Water Defluoridation for Biodiesel Synthesis

Gupta

Agarwal

Dalai

2017

Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng.

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Section: Results and Discussion 31 Catalyst Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 49%

Novel Solid Base Catalyst Derived from Drinking Water Defluoridation for Biodiesel Synthesis

Gupta

Agarwal

Dalai

2017

Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng.

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“…Biodiesel yield obtained from catalyst egg shells, snail shells, and Meretrix venus only achieved 92 % [11], which was higher than shrimp shell and horn shell (\90 %) [23,26]. These results indicated that the mollusk shells of A. granosa and P. undulata have great potential for improving yield biodiesel.…”

Section: Biodiesel Productsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Moreover, CaO will also dissolve in products, such as glycerol and biodiesel, and therefore reducing the amount of CaO in the catalyst. The decrease in yield could also be attributed to catalyst deterioration Golden apple snail Temperature = 60°C, methanol/oil molar ratio = 18:1, catalyst amount = 10 wt %, reaction time = 100 min 92 [11] Meretrix venus Temperature = 60°C, methanol/oil molar ratio = 18:1, catalyst amount = 10 wt %, reaction time = 100 min 85 [11] Obtuse horn shell Temperature = 60°C, methanol/oil molar ratio = 12:1, catalyst amount = 5 wt %, reaction time = 6 h 88 [23] Shrimp shell Temperature = 65°C, methanol/oil molar ratio = 9:1, catalyst amount = 2.5 wt %, reaction time = 3 h 89 [26] Anadara granosa Catalyst amount = 6 wt %, methanol/oil molar ratio = 12:1, temperature = 60°C, reaction time = 120 min 92 This study…”

Section: Loading Of Catalyst(%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The development of fly ash-supported CaO derived from mollusk shell of Anadara granosa and Paphia undulata as heterogeneous CaO catalyst in biodiesel synthesis

Hadiyanto

Lestari

Abdullah

et al. 2016

Int J Energy Environ Eng

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The aim of this study was to develop fly ash-supported CaO catalyst derived from waste mollusk shell of Anadara granosa and Paphia undulata for transesterification of palm oil to yield biodiesel. The active precursor Ca(OH) 2 of the catalyst has been developed from calcination of waste mollusk shell, while the mesoporous has been prepared using the wet impregnation method. The results demonstrated that the mollusk shell-derived catalyst could gain the yield of biodiesel of 92 and 94 % for A. granosa shell and P. undulata shell, respectively. The obtained yield was comparable with the yield of biodiesel gained from CaO catalyst derived from reagent grade CaCO 3 (yield = 94 %). The optimum condition was achieved at catalyst loading of 6 %, reaction temperature of 60°C and reaction time of 2 h. The reusability study showed that the developed catalysts exhibited higher recycle degree characteristic indicated by 50 % yield reduction after three reuse cycles.

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“…In fact, 85% of the world's energy is still supplied by fossil fuels [1]. Renewable energy is expected to overcome the energy fossil limitation issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Anadara Granosa Shells and CaCO3 as Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production

Hadiyanto

Lestari

Widayat

2016

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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Nowadays, the use of homogenous catalyst has been gradually reduced for its operational reason. The homogenous catalyst leads in difficulty of separation after the process completed and the life cycle is shorter. Therefore, most of researches are introducing heterogeneous catalyst for its substitution. This research was aimed to evaluate the use of shell of Anadara granosa and CaCO3 as source of CaO based catalyst through impregnation method. The preparation of the catalyst was started by decomposition of shells and CaCO3 at temperature of 800 o C for 3 hours, followed by impregnation at 70 o C for 4 hours and then calcined at 800 o C for 2 hours. The CaCO3 based catalyst gained high yield of biodiesel (94%) as compared to Anadara granoasa based catalyst (92%). The reusability study showed that these catalysts could be used until three times recycle with 40-60% yield of biodiesel. The CaO contents of catalyst decreased up to 90% after three times recycles.

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Transesterification of palm oil to biodiesel by using waste obtuse horn shell-derived CaO catalyst

Cited by 169 publications

References 33 publications

Novel Solid Base Catalyst Derived from Drinking Water Defluoridation for Biodiesel Synthesis

Novel Solid Base Catalyst Derived from Drinking Water Defluoridation for Biodiesel Synthesis

The development of fly ash-supported CaO derived from mollusk shell of Anadara granosa and Paphia undulata as heterogeneous CaO catalyst in biodiesel synthesis

Preparation and Characterization of Anadara Granosa Shells and CaCO3 as Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production

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