Transesterification in Supercritical Conditions

Ngamprasertsith, Somkiat; Sawangkeaw, Ruengwit

doi:10.5772/26239

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…Higher productivity will reduce operating costs and offset the higher capital cost, helping the technology become more cost‐effective. Furthermore, heat integration steps can be used to significantly reduce the energy demands of the process and further improve its economic feasibility …”

Section: Biodiesel Production Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, heat integration steps can be used to significantly reduce the energy demands of the process and further improve its economic feasibility. 36 A major advantage of the supercritical process is its ability to handle a wide range of feedstocks. Many waste streams like used cooking oils, waste animal fats, and greases, which are available at negligible costs, can be efficiently converted to biodiesel with supercritical transesterification, whereas conventional transesterification requires costly pretreatment steps.…”

Section: Supercritical Transesterificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Status and prospects of supercritical alcohol transesterification for biodiesel production

Deshpande

Sunol

Philippidis

2017

WIREs Energy & Environment

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The growth in the global fuel consumption is expected to continue unabated. At the same time, nations around the globe are trying to reduce greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the transportation sector. These factors have led researchers to look for alternative sources of fuels. Biodiesel is one such alternative fuel that can complement or displace petroleum diesel with a potentially lower carbon footprint fuel, depending upon the feedstock and the production process. Biodiesel refers to the monoalkyl esters derived from a wide range of raw materials, like vegetable oils, animal fats, and algae lipids. Conventionally, biodiesel is produced by transesterification with the help of an acid, base or enzyme catalyst. Certain drawbacks, like slow reaction times, soap formation and intense pre‐ and post‐processing, are associated with conventional transesterification, ultimately leading to increased capital and production costs. Supercritical transesterification is a relatively new technique promising to provide advantages, such as faster reaction times, catalyst‐free operation, and higher purity of final product, over the conventional transesterification method. The most common feedstocks are virgin and used edible oils from crops like soybean, rapeseed, and African palm. There is an increasing interest in algae to avoid the utilization of food resources for energy production. Using algae as a lipid source, a more sustainable biodiesel production process could be developed to achieve large‐scale production capabilities on a long‐term basis without adverse effects on the food chain. This paper presents a critical review of supercritical transesterification and its prospects for biodiesel production. WIREs Energy Environ 2017, 6:e252. doi: 10.1002/wene.252 This article is categorized under: Bioenergy > Science and Materials Bioenergy > Systems and Infrastructure Energy and Development > Science and Materials

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Section: Biodiesel Production Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Supercritical Transesterificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status and prospects of supercritical alcohol transesterification for biodiesel production

Deshpande

Sunol

Philippidis

2017

WIREs Energy & Environment

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“…However, supercritical method is non-sensitive to moisture and free fatty acids and does not require catalyst, thus resulting in a reduced operational cost as waste cooking oils do not require a pre -treatment stage. The feedstock quality is far less influential under supercritical conditions resulting to a great advantage for waste cooking oils to be used as raw material (Ngamprasertsith et al, 2011). Free fatty acids and moisture are undesirable when alkaline transesterification is to be used.…”

Section: Biodiesel Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fact that stages as pre -treatment, removal of soaps and catalyst are not needed, results to the decline of capital cost, but the expected high operational cost, due to high pressure and temperature, can be a disadvantage for the supercritical method. Thus, it is crucial to assess the competitiveness of the supercritical method in order to consider it in a biodiesel production unit (Castellanelli et al, 2007;Demirbas, 2009;Dmytryshyn et al, 2004;Gui et al, 2008;Helwani et al, 2009;Ngamprasertsith et al, 2011).…”

Section: Biodiesel Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Evaluation of a Biodiesel Plant fed by Recycled Edible Oils Comparing two Alternative Production Technologies

Korakaki

Georgakellos²

2014

Issue 6

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The present work is about the techno-economic evaluation of a biodiesel industrial unit that exclusively use recycled edible oils as feedstock, for two alternative production technologies. Nowadays, many biodiesel production units use a mixture of virgin vegetable oils and waste cooking oils. The examined unit will use only waste cooking oil as raw material. Thus, two different methods for biodiesel production are assessed on a financial basis for different biodiesel prices. The investigated methods are the alkaline transesterification (a very common biodiesel production method) and the supercritical transesterification (a method with non sensitivity in moisture and free fatty acids and thus not requiring a pre-treatment stage). According to the financial evaluation, the acceptance of the project for each technology is strongly affected by biodiesel's price. The results showed that the alkaline transesterification based project is accepted for the whole examined prices' range while for supercritical transesterification, the project is accepted for biodiesel prices of about 0.75-0.85 €/L.

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“…The objective of transesterification process is to improve some properties of biofuel such as viscosity, flash point, cetane number, etc. The transesterification or biodiesel production under supercritical conditions (supercritical transesterification) is a catalyst-free chemical reaction between triglycerides, the major component in vegetable oils and/or animal fats, and low molecular weight alcohols, such as methanol and ethanol, at a temperature and pressure over the critical point of the mixture [18]. Meher et al [19] published an excellent review of biodiesel production by transesterification that examines several successful transesterifications using several low molecular weight alcohols, homogenous acid and base catalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical Transesterification of Waste Vegetable Oil: Characteristic Comparison of Ethanol and Methanol as Solvents

et al. 2017

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Transesterification of waste vegetable oil is one of the promising partial substitutes for fossil fuels. The degradation characteristics of waste vegetable oil using supercritical alcohols (ethanol and methanol) have been studied in this research. The elementary target was to conduct comparative analysis of the effect of supercritical methanol and supercritical ethanol as solvents on the transesterification along with the analysis of product obtained in terms of carbon number. The experiments were carried out at transesterification temperatures of 250, 270 and 290 • C, retention time of 0 to 60 min at an interval of 15 min and oil to alcohol molar ratios of 1:6, 1:12 and 1:18 for both alcohols. The conversion increased with increase in transesterification temperature and retention time. At 290 • C, almost 99% conversion was achieved for 60-min holding time for both alcohols. Increase in conversion of waste vegetable oil was observed as the molar ratio increased. Supercritical transesterification resulted into ester yield higher than 95% with non-ester composition and glycerol collectively less than 5%.

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Transesterification in Supercritical Conditions

Cited by 8 publications

References 84 publications

Status and prospects of supercritical alcohol transesterification for biodiesel production

Status and prospects of supercritical alcohol transesterification for biodiesel production

Feasibility Evaluation of a Biodiesel Plant fed by Recycled Edible Oils Comparing two Alternative Production Technologies

Supercritical Transesterification of Waste Vegetable Oil: Characteristic Comparison of Ethanol and Methanol as Solvents

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