Transdermal carbamate poisoning – a case of misuse

Rajbanshi, Lalit Kumar

doi:10.3126/jcmsn.v12i4.16418

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Fatal organophosphate poisoning or non-fatal intoxication has been reported by most routes of exposure. 5,8,9,13–16 Van Heel 13 reported non-fatal accidental organophosphate intoxication in siblings with absorption by skin, mouth and/or respiratory tract while spraying pesticide solution on each other in bathroom at play. The same was kept by mother for eradicating insects out of the house.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transdermal organophosphate poisoning by carbamate not intended for suicidal use as a specific type has been reported by Rajbanshi. 16 An adult mixed approximately 5 g of carbamate (carbofuran 3%) in 30 ml of coconut oil and applied all over his body to prevent bite by mites but developed intoxication. He was immediately decontaminated, and adequate antidote was administered leading to complete recovery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatal monocrotophos poisoning by cutaneous absorption while sleeping: A remarkable case study

et al. 2019

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Organophosphate poisoning is a continued menace associated with high morbidity and mortality in both resource-crunched developing and developed countries. Cases have been described of deliberate self-poisoning which has higher mortality than accidental exposure. Fatal poisoning by accidental dermal absorption is rarely reported for monocrotophos. Authors detail fatal accidental monocrotophos poisoning in adult female by dermal exposure while sleeping. Pesticide was detected in post-mortem blood and skin by chromatography and spectroscopy. Extraction along with review of literature for monocrotophos poisoning is adjuncted in this study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal monocrotophos poisoning by cutaneous absorption while sleeping: A remarkable case study

et al. 2019

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“…In addition, carbofuran pollution is also associated with its overt application in factories or in agricultural fields from where its indirect drifting and volatilization cause the contamination of adjourning lakes and residential areas, ultimately posing threats to the nontarget populations (Sun et al, 2018). In this concept, carbofuran has been identified as a hazardous compound for the humans causing severe poisoning and death (Ameno et al, 2001; Rajbanshi, 2017). Some recent reports confirmed the presence of carbofuran in honey samples, apples collected from Almaty Region of Kazakhstan, and watermelon in Thailand (El‐Nahhal, 2020; Łozowicka et al, 2020; Sapbamrer, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbofuran cytotoxicity, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and cell death in human umbilical vein endothelial cells: Evidence of vascular toxicity

Saquib

Siddiqui

Ansari

et al. 2021

J of Applied Toxicology

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Carbofuran is a broad‐spectrum carbamate insecticide, which principally inhibits the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme in the nervous system. Nonetheless, their selective action is not restricted to a single species and expanded to humans. No studies are available on the toxicological effects of carbofuran in the endothelial cells (ECs), which first confronts the toxicants in blood vessels. Hence, we have exposed the human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) with carbofuran for 24 h, which significantly reduced the cell survival to 25.16% and 33.48% at 500 and 1,000 μM analyzed by MTT assay. In the neutral red uptake (NRU) assay, 16.68%, 30.99%, and 58.11% survival decline was found at 250, 500, and 1,000 μM of carbofuran. HUVECs exposed to carbofuran showed significant increase in the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), indicating oxidative stress at low concentrations. In parallel, HUVECs showed hyperpolarization effects in the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) upon carbofuran exposure. Carbofuran induced DNA damage in HUVECs measured as 8.80, 11.82, 35.56, and 79.69 Olive tail moment (OTM) in 100‐, 250‐, 500‐, and 1,000‐μM exposure groups. Flow cytometric analysis showed apoptotic peak (SubG1) and G2M arrest in the HUVECs exposed to carbofuran. Overall, our novel data confirm that carbofuran is toxic for the EC cells, especially at the higher concentrations, which may affect the vascular functions and possibly angiogenesis. Hence, carbofuran should be applied judiciously, and detailed vascular studies are warranted to gain an in‐depth information focusing the transcriptomic and translation changes employing suitable in vivo and in vitro test models.

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Drug poisoning management using smartphones: an apps review study based on use case classification model

et al. 2020

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Drug poisoning is the most common form of poisoning in the world. Timely and efficient management of this form of poisoning may save the life of many patients. Today, smartphone apps are widely used for various utilisations, such as for medical purposes. This study aimed to review the crucial characteristics of Android and iOS apps for drug poisoning management and categorise them by the use case classification model. Google Play and App Store were searched in December 2018 for drug poisoning apps using the keywords toxicology, poisoning, drug poisoning and drug toxicities, and resulted in 551 smartphone apps. The 17 final apps were evaluated based on the following items: platform, cost, date of update, country, app target, target group, rating and developer. The results showed that 64.7% of apps were available on both platforms and 53% were free to download. Majority of the apps (53%) were designed for medical staff and 47% were developed in the USA. In 47% of the apps, users rated a score above 4 for apps evaluation, and in 47% the last update was 1 year ago. Nine distinct use cases from the published use case classification model were found in 17 apps. The results of this study can help users select and use a reliable app for management of drug poisoning. The results also showed that 22 use cases of the 31 introduced were not considered in the development of the apps. Application of these use cases may improve the quality of drug poisoning management apps.

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Transdermal carbamate poisoning – a case of misuse

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Fatal monocrotophos poisoning by cutaneous absorption while sleeping: A remarkable case study

Fatal monocrotophos poisoning by cutaneous absorption while sleeping: A remarkable case study

Carbofuran cytotoxicity, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and cell death in human umbilical vein endothelial cells: Evidence of vascular toxicity

Drug poisoning management using smartphones: an apps review study based on use case classification model

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