Transcriptomic analysis of starch accumulation patterns in different glutinous sorghum seeds

Abstract

Sorghum is a high-quality raw material for brewing white wine, and the starch content in seeds has a large impact on brewing quality. Transcriptomic data obtained from a glutinous variety (Liaonian3) and a non-glutinous variety (Liaoza10) at 3, 18, and 30 days after pollination were analyzed to identify genes associated with starch accumulation. The amylopectin content was significantly higher in Liaonian3 compared to Liaoza10, but the amylose content and total starch content were lower. There were 6634 differentially expressed genes found in Liaoza10 between 3 and 18 d after pollination, and 779 differentially expressed genes between 18 and 30 d after pollination. In Liaonian3, there were 6768 differentially expressed genes between 3 and 18 d after pollination, and 7630 differentially expressed genes between 18 and 30 d after pollination. Genes were grouped by expression profiles over the three time points and the profiles were analyzed for enrichment of gene ontology terms and biochemical pathways. Profile 1 (decreasing expression from 3 to 30 d) for Liaoza10 was enriched in ribosomes, metabolic pathways, and carbon metabolic pathways. Profile 0 (decreasing expression from 3 to 18 d and consistent expression from 18 to 30 d) was enriched in pathways related to sugar or starch metabolism. Although the starch accumulation rate in Liaonian3 and Liaoza10 showed a profile of increasing and then decreasing, the expression of genes related to starch synthesis gradually decreased with time since pollination, demonstrating the complexity of starch synthesis. According to orthologous gene alignment and expression analysis, 19 genes such as entrzID_8068390 and entrzID_8066807 were found to be the key genes for starch synthesis and glutinous and non-glutinous differentiation in sorghum grains.

Collaboration to Address the Challenges Faced by Smallholders in Practicing Organic Agriculture: A Case Study of the Organic Sorghum Industry in Zunyi City, China

“…The liquor produced in Zunyi is a type of Jiang-flavor Chinese white spirit [52], which specifically requires local glutinous sorghum as its raw material. This particular sorghum variety, characterized by a higher amylopectin content, is better suited as a raw material to wine production [53]. While raw sorghum for liquor production may originate from other regions in China or even abroad, local organic sorghum is exclusively employed for high-end liquor production.…”

Transcriptome‐wide expression landscape and starch synthesis pathway co‐expression network in sorghum

“…Xiao et al, 2022), while it remained to be determined in sorghum. Thus far, several starch synthesis pathway genes have been identified (Campbell et al, 2016;Hill et al, 2012;Ke et al, 2022). However, the related regulatory pathways remain underexplored due to the nature of complexity in the metabolism.…”

“…Photosynthesis‐related genes were proposed to be promising candidates underlying the starch associations (Ayalew et al., 2022; B. Chen et al., 2019; Rhodes et al., 2017; Q. Xiao et al., 2022), while it remained to be determined in sorghum. Thus far, several starch synthesis pathway genes have been identified (Campbell et al., 2016; Hill et al., 2012; Ke et al., 2022). However, the related regulatory pathways remain underexplored due to the nature of complexity in the metabolism.…”

Transcriptome-Wide Analysis of Gene Expression Landscape And Starch Synthesis Pathway Coexpression Network in Sorghum

“…Photosynthesis-related genes were proposed to be promising candidates underlying the starch associations [21][22][23], while it remained to be determined in sorghum. Thus far, several starch synthesis pathway genes have been identi ed [25][26][27]. However, the related regulatory pathways remain underexplored due to the nature of complexity in the metabolism.…”