Transcriptome study digs out BMP2 involved in adipogenesis in sheep tails

Abstract

Background Hu sheep and Tibetan sheep in China are characterized by fat tails and thin tails, respectively. Several transcriptomes have been conducted in different sheep breeds to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) underlying this trait. However, these studies identified different DEGs in different sheep breeds. Results Hence, RNA sequencing was performed on Hu sheep and Tibetan sheep. We obtained a total of 45.57 and 43.82 million sequencing reads, respectively. Two libraries mapped reads from 36.93 and 38.55 million reads after alignment to the reference sequences. 2108 DEGs were identified, including 1247 downregulated and 861 upregulated DEGs. GO and KEGG analyses of all DEGs demonstrated that pathways were enriched in the regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes and terms related to the chemokine signalling pathway, lysosomes, and glycosaminoglycan degradation. Eight genes were selected for validation by RT–qPCR. In addition, the transfection of BMP2 overexpression into preadipocytes resulted in increased PPAR-γ expression and expression. BMP2 potentially induces adipogenesis through LOX in preadipocytes. The number of lipid drops in BMP2 overexpression detected by oil red O staining was also greater than that in the negative control. Conclusion In summary, these results showed that significant genes (BMP2, HOXA11, PPP1CC and LPIN1) are involved in the regulation of adipogenesis metabolism and suggested novel insights into metabolic molecules in sheep fat tails.

Whole-body adipose tissue multi-omic analyses in sheep reveal molecular mechanisms underlying local adaptation to extreme environments

“…For example, candidate genes PDGFD, BMP2, TBXT, and HOXB13 were detected by selective sweep or GWAS analysis 15,[18][19][20][21][22] , which are involved in preadipocyte differentiation and associated with fat deposition in sheep 5,23 . In addition, many candidate genes, microRNA and lncRNA were identified by transcriptomic and proteomic approaches, such as PGDFD, BMP2, IL6, ADIPOQ, miR-432, most of which are related to fat deposition and lipid metabolism [24][25][26][27][28] . Those studies revealed plenty of candidate genes and regulatory elements associated with the fat tail phenotype and suggested a complex genetic mechanism for the fat tail phenotype.…”

Efficiency of genotyping by sequencing in inferring genomic relatedness and molecular insights into fat tail selection in Tunisian sheep

“…Moreover, an increased VEGFA expression was considered as one means of genetic adaptation to hypoxia at high altitudes (Edea et al, 2019; Zhang et al, 2016). Also, the closest gene located at 350 kb downstream from the most significant marker on OAR13 at 48.91 Mbp was the BMP2 gene located at ~48.46–48.47 Mbp, which is involved in the regulation of adipogenesis metabolism (Jin et al, 2022) and was found to be a potential gene for fat tail deposition in Barbarine sheep (Baazaoui et al, 2021). Other genomic regions detected probably reflect other selection differences between the breeds used in this study as we used only one fat‐tailed breed.…”

Dynamic alterations in metabolomics and transcriptomics associated with intestinal fibrosis in a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced murine model

“…Ppargc1a plays a pivotal role in lipid and metabolic regulation in many vital organs, including adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, heart, liver, and kidney 58 . Bmp2 is likely to induce adipogenesis by promoting the expression of lipoxygenase (LOX) and PPAR gamma (PPARγ) in preadipocytes 59 . Yang et al 60 reported that Pik3r3 regulates PPAR alpha (PPARα) expression to stimulate fatty acid β-oxidation.…”