Transcriptome profiling of the nonlactating mammary glands of dairy goats reveals the molecular genetic mechanism of mammary cell remodeling

Xuan, Rong; Chao, Tianle; Zhao, Xiaodong; Wang, Aili; Chu, Yunpeng; Li, Qing; Zhao, Yilin; Ji, Zhibin; Wang, Jianmin

doi:10.3168/jds.2021-21039

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…The methods and experimental procedures used in this study were approved and directed by the animal protection and ethics committee of Shandong agricultural university (protocol number: SDAUA-2018-048) [13]. All experimenters underwent strict training and self-protection to minimize the pain experienced by animals.…”

Section: Ethics Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GO terms and KEGG pathways were considered significantly enriched when they met false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05. According to the previously identified up-regulated and down-regulated differentially expressed genes in the goat mammary gland [13], the GO bubble plot and GO circular plot were drawn using GOplot software [42] to show the significantly enriched GO terms in three comparisons (LL vs. DP, DP vs. LG, and LL vs. LG).…”

Section: Classification Of Circrnas and Functional Analysis Of Their ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The new sequence (200 bp) was uploaded to the NCBI Primer Blast website, the length of the PCR product was set to 90-120 bp, and the divergent primer of the circRNA was obtained. The geometric mean of 2 carefully selected reference genes (GAPDH and MRPL39) was used as an accurate normalization factor [13]. Relative gene expression was calculated using the improved Pfaffl Method [44].…”

Section: Differential Expression Analysis Of Circrnas and Real-time Q...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mammary gland involution is regulated by multiple factors, including some growth factors, proteases, hormones, coding genes, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) [3,5,13]. cir-cRNA is a type of ncRNAs that is a covalently closed circular transcript generated by back splicing [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and Characterization of circRNAs in Non-Lactating Dairy Goat Mammary Glands Reveal Their Regulatory Role in Mammary Cell Involution and Remodeling

Xuan

Wang

et al. 2023

Biomolecules

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This study conducted transcriptome sequencing of goat-mammary-gland tissue at the late lactation (LL), dry period (DP), and late gestation (LG) stages to reveal the expression characteristics and molecular functions of circRNAs during mammary involution. A total of 11,756 circRNAs were identified in this study, of which 2528 circRNAs were expressed in all three stages. The number of exonic circRNAs was the largest, and the least identified circRNAs were antisense circRNAs. circRNA source gene analysis found that 9282 circRNAs were derived from 3889 genes, and 127 circRNAs’ source genes were unknown. Gene Ontology (GO) terms, such as histone modification, regulation of GTPase activity, and establishment or maintenance of cell polarity, were significantly enriched (FDR < 0.05), which indicates the functional diversity of circRNAs’ source genes. A total of 218 differentially expressed circRNAs were identified during the non-lactation period. The number of specifically expressed circRNAs was the highest in the DP and the lowest in LL stages. These indicated temporal specificity of circRNA expression in mammary gland tissues at different developmental stages. In addition, this study also constructed circRNA–miRNA–mRNA competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks related to mammary development, immunity, substance metabolism, and apoptosis. These findings help understand the regulatory role of circRNAs in mammary cell involution and remodeling.

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Section: Ethics Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Classification Of Circrnas and Functional Analysis Of Their ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Differential Expression Analysis Of Circrnas and Real-time Q...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and Characterization of circRNAs in Non-Lactating Dairy Goat Mammary Glands Reveal Their Regulatory Role in Mammary Cell Involution and Remodeling

Xuan

Wang

et al. 2023

Biomolecules

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“…The mammary gland develops and produces milk under the regulation of systemic hormones, which is a dynamic and highly complex multistep process involving the periodic cycling of mammary epithelial proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis ( 5 ). The components of milk are derived from blood-circulating nutrients, and they are synthesized in the epithelial cells of the mammary gland in lactating animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis to identify candidate genes related to mammary gland development of Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus)

et al. 2023

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IntroductionThe demand for camel milk, which has unique therapeutic properties, is increasing. The mammary gland is the organ in mammals responsible for the production and quality of milk. However, few studies have investigated the genes or pathways related to mammary gland growth and development in Bactrian camels. This study aimed to compare the morphological changes in mammary gland tissue and transcriptome expression profiles between young and adult female Bactrian camels and to explore the potential candidate genes and signaling pathways related to mammary gland development.MethodsThree 2 years-old female camels and three 5 years-old adult female camels were maintained in the same environment. The parenchyma of the mammary gland tissue was sampled from the camels using percutaneous needle biopsy. Morphological changes were observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. High-throughput RNA sequencing was performed using the Illumina HiSeq platform to analyze changes in the transcriptome between young and adult camels. Functional enrichment, pathway enrichment, and protein–protein interaction networks were also analyzed. Gene expression was verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).ResultsHistomorphological analysis showed that the mammary ducts and mammary epithelial cells in adult female camels were greatly developed and differentiated from those in young camels. Transcriptome analysis showed that 2,851 differentially expressed genes were obtained in the adult camel group compared to the young camel group, of which 1,420 were upregulated, 1,431 were downregulated, and 2,419 encoded proteins. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the upregulated genes were significantly enriched for 24 pathways, including the Hedgehog signaling pathway which is closely related to mammary gland development. The downregulated genes were significantly enriched for seven pathways, among these the Wnt signaling pathway was significantly related to mammary gland development. The protein–protein interaction network sorted the nodes according to the degree of gene interaction and identified nine candidate genes: PRKAB2, PRKAG3, PLCB4, BTRC, GLI1, WIF1, DKK2, FZD3, and WNT4. The expression of fifteen genes randomly detected by qRT-PCR showed results consistent with those of the transcriptome analysis.DiscussionPreliminary findings indicate that the Hedgehog, Wnt, oxytocin, insulin, and steroid biosynthesis signaling pathways have important effects on mammary gland development in dairy camels. Given the importance of these pathways and the interconnections of the involved genes, the genes in these pathways should be considered potential candidate genes. This study provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the molecular mechanisms associated with mammary gland development and milk production in Bactrian camels.

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Transcriptome analysis reveals immune function-related mRNA expression in donkey mammary glands during four developmental stages

Wang,

Fei,

Shao

et al. 2024

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Pr

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Transcriptome profiling of the nonlactating mammary glands of dairy goats reveals the molecular genetic mechanism of mammary cell remodeling

Cited by 7 publications

References 116 publications

Identification and Characterization of circRNAs in Non-Lactating Dairy Goat Mammary Glands Reveal Their Regulatory Role in Mammary Cell Involution and Remodeling

Identification and Characterization of circRNAs in Non-Lactating Dairy Goat Mammary Glands Reveal Their Regulatory Role in Mammary Cell Involution and Remodeling

Transcriptome analysis to identify candidate genes related to mammary gland development of Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus)

Transcriptome analysis reveals immune function-related mRNA expression in donkey mammary glands during four developmental stages

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