Transcriptome of the Aedes aegypti Mosquito in Response to Human Complement Proteins

Giraldo-Calderón, Gloria I.; Calle-Tobón, Arley; Rozo-Lopez, Paula; Colpitts, Tonya M.; Park, Yoonseong; Rúa‐Uribe, Guillermo; Londoño-Rentería, Berlin

doi:10.3390/ijms21186584

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…SCRB5 (AAEL011222) has been found to be upregulated in Ae. aegypti cells treated with human complement protein hC5a (Giraldo-Calderón et al 2020). The gene AAEL008073, predicted to bind RNA (VectorBase release 58; (Dickson et al 2017), is overexpressed in bloodfed Ae.…”

Section: Strong Signatures Of Selective Sweeps In Insecticide Resista...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong positive selection in Aedes aegypti and the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance

Love

Sikder

Vivero

et al. 2022

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Aedes aegypti vectors the pathogens that cause dengue, yellow fever, Zika virus, and chikungunya, and is a serious threat to public health in tropical regions. Decades of work has illuminated many aspects of Ae. aegypti's biology and global population structure, and has identified insecticide resistance genes; however, the size and repetitive nature of the Ae. aegypti genome have limited our ability to detect positive selection in this mosquito. Combining new whole genome sequences from Colombia with publicly available data from Africa and the Americas, we identify multiple strong candidate selective sweeps in Ae. aegypti, many of which overlap genes linked to or implicated in insecticide resistance. We examine the voltage-gated sodium channel gene in three American cohorts, and find evidence for successive selective sweeps in Colombia. The most recent sweep encompasses an intermediate-frequency haplotype containing four candidate insecticide resistance mutations that are in near-perfect linkage disequilibrium with one another in the Colombian sample. We hypothesize that this haplotype may continue to rapidly increase in frequency and perhaps spread geographically in the coming years. These results extend our knowledge of how insecticide resistance has evolved in this species, and add to a growing body of evidence suggesting Ae. aegypti has an extensive genomic capacity to rapidly adapt to insecticide-based vector control.

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Section: Strong Signatures Of Selective Sweeps In Insecticide Resista...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong positive selection in Aedes aegypti and the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance

Love

Sikder

Vivero

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Since blood feeding triggers changes in complex gene expression in females ( Giraldo-Calderón et al, 2020 ), we wondered if the impact that DENV had on the first gonadotrophic cycle could be linked to an alteration of gene expression profiles during blood feeding. Therefore, we performed RNA-seq and transcriptomic analysis of differentially expressed ovarian genes in A. aegypti females at 3 days after DENV-2 blood feeding compared to females at 3 days after uninfected blood feeding (mock).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies demonstrated that mosquito immune responses are modulated by blood feeding and that these changes continue through 3 days after ingesting an infectious blood meal when the females are ready to lay their eggs. Blood alone, without the presence of any pathogen, activates and upregulates immune-related genes ( Giraldo-Calderón et al, 2020 ). In a recent study, the generation of GCTL-3 –/– Aedes aegypti by CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in a reduction in DENV-2 infection, upregulation of Toll, IMD, and JAK/STAT immune pathways, a reduction in life span, and a reduction in egg production ( Li H. H. et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue Virus-2 Infection Affects Fecundity and Elicits Specific Transcriptional Changes in the Ovaries of Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes

et al. 2022

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Dengue fever (DF), caused by the dengue virus (DENV), is the most burdensome arboviral disease in the world, with an estimated 400 million infections each year. The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main vector of DENV and transmits several other human pathogens, including Zika, yellow fever, and chikungunya viruses. Previous studies have shown that the pathogen infection of mosquitoes can alter reproductive fitness, revealing specific vector-pathogen interactions that are key determinants of vector competence. However, only a handful of studies have examined the effect of DENV infection in A. aegypti, showing a reduction in lifespan and fecundity over multiple blood meals. To provide a more comprehensive analysis of the impact of DENV infection on egg laying and fecundity, we assessed egg laying timing in DENV-2 blood-fed mosquitoes (infected group) compared to mock blood-fed mosquitoes (control group). We confirmed a significant decrease in fecundity during the first gonadotrophic cycle. To further investigate this phenotype and the underlying DENV-2 infection-dependent changes in gene expression, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis for differentially expressed genes in the ovaries of A. aegypti infected with DENV-2 vs. mock-infected mosquitoes. This analysis reveals several DENV-2-regulated genes; among them, we identified a group of 12 metabolic genes that we validated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Interestingly, two genes found to be upregulated in DENV-infected mosquito ovaries exhibited an antiviral role for DENV-2 in an Aedes cell line. Altogether, this study offers useful insights into the virus-vector interface, highlighting the importance of gene expression changes in the mosquito’s ovary during DENV-2 infection in the first gonadotrophic cycle, triggering antiviral responses that may possibly interfere with mosquito reproduction. This information is extremely relevant for further investigation of A. aegypti’s ability to tolerate viruses since virally infected mosquitoes in nature constitute a powerful source of supporting viruses during intra-epidemic periods, causing a huge burden on the public health system.

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“…Specifically, this work is a continuation of our previous study in which we found that human complement proteins modify transcription in numerous Ae. aegypt i genes, affecting multiple metabolic pathways, including the immune system ( Giraldo-Calderón et al, 2020 ). RNA-seq has served as a robust method to identify the gene expression profile of organisms and has been used to meta-taxonomy analysis ( Cottier et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, because blood meal factors, can remain active for several hours interacting with mosquito cells, human pathogens or even its microbiome mosquito physiology may be affected (Margos et al, 2001;Pakpour et al, 2014). For instance, active complement in midgut decreases pathogen populations present in the blood meal, representing one of the main factors of reduction in Plasmodium population in Anopheles mosquitoes (Smith et al, 2014), and previous studies also suggest that the presence of active complement factors in a blood meal modifies gene expression of multiple genes related to the immune system in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (Giraldo-Calderón et al, 2020). However, the latest study did not explore the effect of active complement on the microbial communities present in mosquitoes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Meals With Active and Heat-Inactivated Serum Modifies the Gene Expression and Microbiome of Aedes albopictus

et al. 2021

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The Asian “tiger mosquito” Aedes albopictus is currently the most widely distributed disease-transmitting mosquito in the world. Its geographical expansion has also allowed the expansion of multiple arboviruses like dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, to higher latitudes. Due to the enormous risk to global public health caused by mosquitoes species vectors of human disease, and the challenges in slowing their expansion, it is necessary to develop new and environmentally friendly vector control strategies. Among these, host-associated microbiome-based strategies have emerged as promising options. In this study, we performed an RNA-seq analysis on dissected abdomens of Ae. albopictus females from Manhattan, KS, United States fed with sugar and human blood containing either normal or heat-inactivated serum, to evaluate the effect of heat inactivation on gene expression, the bacteriome transcripts and the RNA virome of this mosquito species. Our results showed at least 600 genes with modified expression profile when mosquitoes were fed with normal vs. heat-inactivated-containing blood. These genes were mainly involved in immunity, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and oogenesis. Also, we observed bacteriome changes with an increase in transcripts of Actinobacteria, Rhodospirillaceae, and Anaplasmataceae at 6 h post-feeding. We also found that feeding with normal blood seems to particularly influence Wolbachia metabolism, demonstrated by a significant increase in transcripts of this bacteria in mosquitoes fed with blood containing normal serum. However, no differences were observed in the virome core of this mosquito population. These results suggest that heat and further inactivation of complement proteins in human serum may have profound effect on mosquito and microbiome metabolism, which could influence interpretation of the pathogen-host interaction findings when using this type of reagents specially when measuring the effect of Wolbachia in vector competence.

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Transcriptome of the Aedes aegypti Mosquito in Response to Human Complement Proteins

Cited by 4 publications

References 67 publications

Strong positive selection in Aedes aegypti and the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance

Strong positive selection in Aedes aegypti and the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance

Dengue Virus-2 Infection Affects Fecundity and Elicits Specific Transcriptional Changes in the Ovaries of Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes

Blood Meals With Active and Heat-Inactivated Serum Modifies the Gene Expression and Microbiome of Aedes albopictus

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