Transcriptome comparison of resistant and susceptible sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami

Abstract

Sesame Fusarium wilt (FW) is a worldwide and hardly controlled fungus disease in sesame. Till now, the molecular resistance mechanism of sesame to FW remains unknown. The two resistant and susceptible sesame varieties, that is ‘Yuzhi 11’ and Rongxian black sesame (RXBS), were inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami (Fos) pathogens for 0, 6, 24 or 24 and 48h, respectively. Then, transcriptome samples were sequenced and surveyed systematically using RNA‐seq technology. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that ‘phenylpropanoid biosynthesis’ pathway may play more important role in sesame resistance after Fos inoculation. Furthermore, qRT‐PCR results demonstrated that the phenylpropanoid pathway with an emphasis on the synthesis of lignin contributes to the sesame disease resistance. Moreover, activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and peroxidase (POD) proved the differences of gene expression patterns in the two sesame phenotypes. Overall, we speculated that the difference of FW symptoms between the resistant and susceptible plants might depend on whether the plants could activate the pathway timely and efficiently or not. The findings would help to clarify the molecular mechanism of sesame resistance to FW.

Transcriptome Analysis of Resistance to Fusarium Wilt in Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.)

“…Transcriptome analysis is an effective way to study plant-pathogen interactions. Plant-F. oxysporum interactions have been studied by transcriptome analysis in banana (Zhang et al, 2019), melon (Sebastiani et al, 2017), sesame (Wei et al, 2016), tomato (Manzo et al, 2016), cabbage (Xing et al, 2016) and some legume crops, such as soybean (Lanubile et al, 2015), chickpea (Upasani et al, 2017) and common bean (Chen et al, 2019). Additionally, WGCNA is a reliable and effective method for the analysis of gene functions and has been successfully used in studying plant responses during pathogen infections.…”

“…A variety of defence mechanisms in plant-F. oxysporum interactions have been studied in several species, such as tomato (Manzo et al, 2016), sesame (Wei et al, 2016), cotton (Dowd et al, 2004), soybean (Lanubile et al, 2015), and common bean (Xue et al, 2015). After Fusarium wilt infection, plants usually undergo a series of changes in physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology, including wound responses, hypersensitive reactions, and gene expression and metabolic changes (Chen et al, 2019).…”

Generating better leaf traits in M2 lines of fourteen Ethiopian sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes through the treatment of their seeds with sodium azide

“…2016 , 2018b ; Li et al., 2017 ; Mmadi et al., 2017 ; Zhang et al., 2018 ; You et al., 2019 ), waterlogging and salinity ( Wei et al., 2019 ; Zhang et al., 2019 ) were found to affect the biomass and morphology of its roots and its nutritional composition ( Wang et al., 2018a ). Many other studies have also shown significant loss of sesame yield due to biotic stresses ( Li et al., 2012 ; Wei et al., 2016 ; Wang et al., 2017 ; Asekova et al. 2020 , 2021 ; Yan et al., 2021 ).…”

Current Progress, Applications and Challenges of Multi-Omics Approaches in Sesame Genetic Improvement

“…Previous studies have been reported that there are more than 170 pathogens causing diseases in sesame, of which the most serious diseases are sesame fusarium wilt and charcoal rot [ 98 ]. The following studies are about these two diseases: two sesame varieties, resistant and susceptible genotypes, were infected by Fusarium oxysporum ; the KEGG analysis indicated that the “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis” pathway may play a more vital role in infected sesame, while the differences in fusarium wilt symptoms between resistant and susceptible genotypes may depend on whether plants can activate this pathway in an efficient manner [ 84 ]; by sequencing the transcriptome of two sesame varieties with different incidence rates 72 h after infection with Macrophomina phaseolina , 1153 and 1226 DEGs were identified in the resistant and susceptible genotypes, respectively. The resistant genotype showed the highest expression of genes at 24 h post-inoculation (hpi), while the susceptible genotype illustrated those at 48 hpi.…”