Transcriptome and Proteome Alternation With Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ah Toxin in Ostrinia furnacalis

Shabbir, Muhammad Zeeshan; Zhang, Tiantao; Wang, Zhenying; He, Kanglai

doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00027

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Nine unigenes encoding APNs in the current study were all upregulated in the resistant strain (FZ1C) compared with the susceptible strain (FZS) of C. suppressalis . These results are consistent with those of previous studies [ 41 , 47 , 48 ]. Presumably, these upregulated APNs may compensate for the fitness costs of resistance [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Differences in midgut transcriptomes between resistant and susceptible strains of Chilo suppressalis to Cry1C toxin

et al. 2020

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Background Chilo suppressalis is a widespread rice pest that poses a major threat to food security in China. This pest can develop resistance to Cry toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), threatening the sustainable use of insect-resistant transgenic Bt rice. However, the molecular basis for the resistance mechanisms of C. suppressalis to Cry1C toxin remains unknown. This study aimed to identify genes associated with the mechanism of Cry1C resistance in C. suppressalis by comparing the midgut transcriptomic responses of resistant and susceptible C. suppressalis strains to Cry1C toxin and to provide information for insect resistance management. Results A C. suppressalis midgut transcriptome of 139,206 unigenes was de novo assembled from 373 million Illumina HiSeq and Roche 454 clean reads. Comparative analysis identified 5328 significantly differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) between C. suppressalis Cry1C-resistant and -susceptible strains. DEGs encoding Bt Cry toxin receptors, aminopeptidase-P like protein, the ABC subfamily and alkaline phosphatase were downregulated, suggesting an association with C. suppressalis Cry1C resistance. Additionally, Cry1C resistance in C. suppressalis may be related to changes in the transcription levels of enzymes involved in hydrolysis, digestive, catalytic and detoxification processes. Conclusion Our study identified genes potentially involved in Cry1C resistance in C. suppressalis by comparative transcriptome analysis. The assembled and annotated transcriptome data provide valuable genomic resources for further study of the molecular mechanisms of C. suppressalis resistance to Cry toxins.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Differences in midgut transcriptomes between resistant and susceptible strains of Chilo suppressalis to Cry1C toxin

et al. 2020

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“…The up‐regulation of genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism suggests the involvement of xenobiotic metabolism pathway in the Cry protein resistance. The up‐regulation of some of the proteases, viz., chymotrypsin and trypsin noted in this study is in agreement with the finding of Xu and group (Xu et al, 2015) but contrary to the report of Shabbir et al (2019). The increased proteolytic activity in PBW‐BtR can be associated with higher potential to degrade toxins.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Transcriptome alterations of field‐evolved resistance in Pectinophora gossypiella against Bt Bollgard II cotton in India

Agrawal

Venkatesan

Gracy

et al. 2020

J Applied Entomology

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Genetically engineered crops expressing insect control traits, especially the toxin encoding genes of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, have protected the crop plants for years. However, recent data from monitoring revealed 19 cases of field-evolved resistance to Bt crops worldwide (Tabashnik & Carrière, 2019). In India, the commercial cultivation of Bt cotton expressing Bt Cry1Ac (Bt Bollgard I) was introduced in 2002. However, widespread resistance to Cry1Ac toxin in the cotton pink bollworm (PBW), Pectinophora gossypiella, emerged owing to the non-adoption of resistance management strategies by the farmers (Dhurua & Gujar, 2011). The situation demanded introduction of cotton hybrids expressing both Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins (Bt Bollgard II). Subsequently, the cultivation of Bt cotton in India increased to 10.4 million hectares by 2013 (>95% of the cotton area) (Fabrick et al., 2014; James, 2011). Soon after the introduction, PBW also developed field resistance to two Bt cotton hybrids containing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab which led to crop failure and severe yield loss in the country (

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“…Recently, alteration in CYP expression and activity due to exposure to cry toxins has been reported (Dhania et al 2019). Thus, the correlation between CYP enzymatic activity and mechanism of Bt resistance is implied (Shabbir et al 2019). A better understanding of the mode of action of Bt toxins and the mechanism of resistance at the molecular level is essential to improve strategies for monitoring and coping with the development of insect resistance, which assists in designing insect control strategies and extending the efficacy of Bt toxins as a control agent (Jin et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in the expression of certain midgut genes of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae and midgut histopathology in response to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1C toxin

Khalil

Moussa

Zein

et al. 2021

Egypt J Biol Pest Control

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Background Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) utilization as a biological control agent is highly recommended due to its safety, specificity, and efficiency. Importance of the entomocidal Cry proteins secreted by Bt is dramatically increased subsequent Cry genes transformation into a number of economic crops, rendering them protection against insect attack. In the last decade, insect resistance against transgenic Bt crops is gradually raised in several lepidopteran pests. A better understanding of the processing of Bt Cry1C toxin in the larval midgut of the lepidopteran pest species, the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.), is very important to characterize the main regulatory elements of Bt tolerance. Results The present study aimed to define factors that are involved in insect tolerance toward Bt Cry1C through evaluating the mRNA level of trypsin (Try), aminopeptidase N (APN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cadherin (Cad), and cytochrome P450 (CYP) in both susceptible and cry1C tolerant strains of S. littoralis. Total RNAs were extracted from susceptible and tolerant strains to construct cDNAs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed a significant upregulation of CYP gene in tolerant strain. In contrast, the levels of expression of Try, ALP, and Cad were significantly downregulated in tolerant strain. APN relative mRNA expression did not show significant differences between susceptible and tolerant strains. Histologically, the midgut of late third-instar larvae of tolerant population S. littoralis showed vacuolization of the epithelium and disruption of both the peritrophic membrane and the striated boarder compared to the susceptible strain. Conclusions Obtained data indicated a relationship between exposing to Bt Cry1C toxin and alteration of CYP, Try, ALP, and Cad expression in midgut of S. littoralis. These results may be an evidence for the important roles of CYP, Try, ALP, and Cad in the resistance development and toxicity to Bt Cry1C. The results are useful for further illustrating of Bt Cry1C processing and S. littoralis tolerance.

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Transcriptome and Proteome Alternation With Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ah Toxin in Ostrinia furnacalis

Cited by 16 publications

References 64 publications

Differences in midgut transcriptomes between resistant and susceptible strains of Chilo suppressalis to Cry1C toxin

Differences in midgut transcriptomes between resistant and susceptible strains of Chilo suppressalis to Cry1C toxin

Transcriptome alterations of field‐evolved resistance in Pectinophora gossypiella against Bt Bollgard II cotton in India

Alterations in the expression of certain midgut genes of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae and midgut histopathology in response to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1C toxin

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