Transcriptome analysis reveals potential function of long non-coding RNAs in 20-hydroxyecdysone regulated autophagy in Bombyx mori

Abstract

Background 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) plays important roles in insect molting and metamorphosis. 20E-induced autophagy has been detected during the larval–pupal transition in different insects. In Bombyx mori, autophagy is induced by 20E in the larval fat body. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) function in various biological processes in many organisms, including insects. Many lncRNAs have been reported to be potential for autophagy occurrence in mammals, but it has not been investigated in insects. Results RNA libraries from the fat body of B. mori dissected at 2 and 6 h post-injection with 20E were constructed and sequenced, and comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs was performed. A total of 1035 lncRNAs were identified, including 905 lincRNAs and 130 antisense lncRNAs. Compared with mRNAs, lncRNAs had longer transcript length and fewer exons. 132 lncRNAs were found differentially expressed at 2 h post injection, compared with 64 lncRNAs at 6 h post injection. Thirty differentially expressed lncRNAs were common at 2 and 6 h post-injection, and were hypothesized to be associated with the 20E response. Target gene analysis predicted 6493 lncRNA-mRNA cis pairs and 42,797 lncRNA-mRNA trans pairs. The expression profiles of LNC_000560 were highly consistent with its potential target genes, Atg4B, and RNAi of LNC_000560 significantly decreased the expression of LNC_000560 and Atg4B. These results indicated that LNC_000560 was potentially involved in the 20E-induced autophagy of the fat body by regulating Atg4B. Conclusions This study provides the genome-wide identification and functional characterization of lncRNAs associated with 20E-induced autophagy in the fat body of B. mori. LNC_000560 and its potential target gene were identified to be related to 20-regulated autophagy in B. mori. These results will be helpful for further studying the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in autophagy and other biological processes in this insect model.

Transcription and Post-translational Regulation of Autophagy in Insects

“…Moreover, the expression profile of LNC_000560 is highly consistent with that of BmAtg4b, and RNAi of LNC_000560 significantly reduces the expression of BmAtg4b. These results indicate that LNC_000560 is associated with 20E-induced autophagy in the silkworm fat body through positive regulation of BmAtg4b (Qiao et al, 2021).…”

Group V Chitin Deacetylases Influence the Structure and Composition of the Midgut of Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua

“…In insect, the bioactive hormone 20E and juvenile hormone (JH) play a crucial role in development, metamorphosis and reproduction. Insect molting may be induced by this process [ 30 ] and regulate specific gene expression [ 31 , 32 , 33 ], such as five chitin synthesis pathway genes in S. exigua [ 34 ]. Insect egg maturation is triggered by JH, which also helps maintain the larval condition, adult sexual development regulation, and premature larval metamorphosis prevention [ 35 ].…”

Genome-wide identification and functional analysis of long non-coding RNAs in Chilo suppressalis reveal their potential roles in chlorantraniliprole resistance

“…20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E) was injected into the hemolymph of silkworms to study autophagy. Predictive 6,493 cis pairs and 42,797 trans pairs of lncRNA–mRNA were found, and functional analysis of LNC_000560 suggested it potentially regulated Atg4B and participated in the 20E-induced autophagy of the fat body ( Qiao et al, 2021 ). In addition, lncRNAs might have key roles in conferring insecticide resistance and regulating the metamorphosis development in P. xylostella ( Liu et al, 2017 ).…”