Transcriptome Analysis of Key Genes Involved in Color Variation between Blue and White Flowers of <i>Iris bulleyana</i>

Ma, Li-na; Zhang, Yiping; GuangFen, Cui; Duan, Qing; Jia, Wenjie; Xing, Feng; Du, Wenwen; Wang, Xiangning; Li, Xiang; Chen, Fadi; Wang, Jihua

doi:10.1155/2023/7407772

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Given their overlapping expression with the anthocyanin content, IgCHS, IgF3H, IgANS, IgUFGT1, and IgUFGT2 in the anthocyanin synthetic pathway play key roles in anthocyanin accumulation in Clarence. Of these genes, CHS is the primary rate-limiting enzyme in anthocyanin biosynthesis that mediates the synthesis of naringenin chalcone from 4-coumaroyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA [30,31]. The high expression of CHS provides sufficient amounts of precursor compounds for anthocyanin accumulation [6,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Analysis of Transcriptome and Targeted Metabolites Identifies Key Genes Involved in Iris germanica Anthocyanin Biosynthesis

Zhao,

Wu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway is the main pathway regulating floral coloration in Iris germanica, a well-known ornamental plant. We investigated the transcriptome profiles and targeted metabolites to elucidate the relationship between genes and metabolites in anthocyanin biosynthesis in the bitone flower cultivar ‘Clarence’, which has a deep blue outer perianth and nearly white inner perianth. In this study, delphinidin-, pelargonidin-, and cyanidin-based anthocyanins were detected in the flowers. The content of delphinidin-based anthocyanins increased with the development of the flower. At full bloom (stage 3), delphinidin-based anthocyanins accounted for most of the total anthocyanin metabolites, whereas the content of pelargonidin- and cyanidin-based anthocyanins was relatively low. Based on functional annotations, a number of novel genes in the anthocyanin pathway were identified, which included early biosynthetic genes IgCHS, IgCHI, and IgF3H and late biosynthetic genes Ig F3′5′H, IgANS, and IgDFR. The expression of key structural genes encoding enzymes, such as IgF3H, Ig F3′5′H, IgANS, and IgDFR, was significantly upregulated in the outer perianth compared to the inner perianth. In addition, most structural genes exhibited their highest expression at the half-color stage rather than at the full-bloom stage, which indicates that these genes function ahead of anthocyanins synthesis. Moreover, transcription factors (TFs) of plant R2R3-myeloblastosis (R2R3-MYB) related to the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis were identified. Among 56 R2R3-MYB genes, 2 members belonged to subgroup 4, with them regulating the expression of late biosynthetic genes in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, and 4 members belonged to subgroup 7, with them regulating the expression of early biosynthetic genes in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis was used to validate the data of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). The relative expression profiles of most candidate genes were consistent with the FPKM of RNA-seq. This study identified the key structural genes encoding enzymes and TFs that affect anthocyanin biosynthesis, which provides a basis and reference for the regulation of plant anthocyanin biosynthesis in I. germanica.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Analysis of Transcriptome and Targeted Metabolites Identifies Key Genes Involved in Iris germanica Anthocyanin Biosynthesis

Zhao,

Wu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…For example, anthocyanin accumulation is positively correlated with UFGT expression in Clematis tientaiensis [51]. The repression of UFGT in Iris bulleyana leads to a change in their flower color from blue to white [52]. As a branch of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, proanthocyanidin begins with the reduction of leucoanthocyanidin and anthocyanidin, which is catalyzed by leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) and anthocyanidin reductase (ANR), respectively, while high levels of proanthocyanidins inhibit anthocyanin production [53].…”

Section: Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Responsible For White Flower Of R D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthocyanin Metabolite and Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis Reveals White Flowers in Rhododendron dauricum var. albiflorum

Mu,

Jin,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Horticulturae

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Rhododendron dauricum is a cold-hardy shrub integrating ornamental, medicinal, and aromatic functions. Flower color is an important feature related to ornamental value for breeders and consumers. Nevertheless, the coloration mechanism of flower color in R. dauricum is still unclear. R. dauricum var. albiflorum is a white flower variety of R. dauricum. In this study, an integrative analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome was conducted between R. dauricum var. albiflorum and R. dauricum. A total of nine anthocyanins and two proanthocyanidins were differentially accumulated between R. dauricum var. albiflorum and R. dauricum. A decrease in malvidin-, delphinidin-, cyanidin-, peonidin-, and petunidin-based anthocyanins and an increase in procyanidin A2 and procyanidin B2 were responsible for the white flowers of R. dauricum var. albiflorum. Furthermore, a total of 4376 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using transcriptome sequencing. Integrated analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome showed that 21 DEGs encoding 9 enzymes (PAL, C4H, CHS, CHI, F3H, F3′5′H, DFR, ANR, and UFGT) were identified as structural genes involved in anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis, and 15 MYBs and 10 bHLHs were the transcriptional regulators of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways in R. dauricum var. albiflorum. Our results deepen the understanding of variations in azalea flower color, which is helpful for identifying important genes in the genetic engineering of azalea shrubs.

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“…A tissue layer called sclera covers almost the whole eyeball's surface. 1 The cornea, the transparent, dome-shaped front part of the eye, directs light into the eye. The colored component of the eye, the iris, which contains the pupil, is a dark hole in the middle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iris colour distribution and its relation with Refractive Errors in Gilgit-Baltistan

Armia,

Khalid,

Akhlaq

et al. 2024

Ophthalmol. Pak

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Background: The study’s goal is to assess the iris colour distribution and its relation with refractive errors. Objective(s): The main purpose of this study is to find out the assessment of iris colour distribution and its relation with refractive errors in Gilgit Baltistan. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, 214 individuals of age range from 15 to 35 were selected from Gilgit Baltistan through the process of random sampling. Myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism were included in this study. The iris colour was classified into 5 groups I.e. light brown, dark brown, green, grey and blue. All individuals were examined for visual acuity, objective and subjective refraction. Results: Out of the 214 selected individuals 159 (74.3%) individuals were myopic, 21 (9.8%) individuals were hyperopic and 34 (15.9%) were astigmatic. Light brown 135 (63.1%) was the most common iris colour in myopic individuals 114(84.4%) followed by dark brown 38(17.8%) in myopic individual 32 (84.2%), individuals with green 22(10.3%) had myopia 10 (45.5%), iris colour grey 10 (4.7%), blue 9 (4.2%) were least common iris colour in astigmatic individuals 6 (60.0%) and 8 (88.9%) respectively. Conclusion(s): Individual with light and dark brown iris colour are at higher risk of myopia. Individuals with grey and blue iris colour have more chances to develop astigmatism

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Transcriptome Analysis of Key Genes Involved in Color Variation between Blue and White Flowers of Iris bulleyana

Cited by 4 publications

References 84 publications

Association Analysis of Transcriptome and Targeted Metabolites Identifies Key Genes Involved in Iris germanica Anthocyanin Biosynthesis

Association Analysis of Transcriptome and Targeted Metabolites Identifies Key Genes Involved in Iris germanica Anthocyanin Biosynthesis

Anthocyanin Metabolite and Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis Reveals White Flowers in Rhododendron dauricum var. albiflorum

Iris colour distribution and its relation with Refractive Errors in Gilgit-Baltistan

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