Transcriptome Analysis of Fat Bodies from Two Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) Populations with Different Virulence Levels in Rice

Abstract

BackgroundThe brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), one of the most serious rice insect pests in Asia, can quickly overcome rice resistance by evolving new virulent populations. The insect fat body plays essential roles in the life cycles of insects and in plant-insect interactions. However, whether differences in fat body transcriptomes exist between insect populations with different virulence levels and whether the transcriptomic differences are related to insect virulence remain largely unknown.Methodology/Principal FindingsIn this study, we performed transcriptome-wide analyses on the fat bodies of two BPH populations with different virulence levels in rice. The populations were derived from rice variety TN1 (TN1 population) and Mudgo (M population). In total, 33,776 and 32,332 unigenes from the fat bodies of TN1 and M populations, respectively, were generated using Illumina technology. Gene ontology annotations and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) orthology classifications indicated that genes related to metabolism and immunity were significantly active in the fat bodies. In addition, a total of 339 unigenes showed homology to genes of yeast-like symbionts (YLSs) from 12 genera and endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia. A comparative analysis of the two transcriptomes generated 7,860 differentially expressed genes. GO annotations and enrichment analysis of KEGG pathways indicated these differentially expressed transcripts might be involved in metabolism and immunity. Finally, 105 differentially expressed genes from YLSs and Wolbachia were identified, genes which might be associated with the formation of different virulent populations.Conclusions/SignificanceThis study was the first to compare the fat-body transcriptomes of two BPH populations having different virulence traits and to find genes that may be related to this difference. Our findings provide a molecular resource for future investigations of fat bodies and will be useful in examining the interactions between the fat body and virulence variation in the BPH.

Characterization and analysis of a de novo transcriptome from the pygmy grasshopper Tetrix japonica

“…Enriched P-values were calculated according to a previous study (Audic & Claverie 1997), and a corrected P-value ≤0.05 was the threshold used to identify the DEU set. KEGG enrichment analysis was performed as described previously by Yu et al (Yu et al 2014). The BLASTALL program was run against the KEGG database to analyse the DEU set.…”

Fungicides Reduce the Abundance of Yeast-like Symbionts and Survival of White-Backed Planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Homoptera: Delphacidae)

“…YLS play various roles in the brown planthopper (BPH), e.g., amino acid biosynthesis, steroid synthesis, and nitrogen recycling [16,17]. For example, BPH and the associated YLS have developed a mutualistic system for steroid biosynthesis, in which YLS produce ergosta-5,7,24(28)-trienol, which is utilized for cholesterol synthesis by the host [18].…”

Virulensi Wereng Batang Cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) dan Strategi Pengelolaannya

“…Ekspresi gen cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450), carboxylesterase (CAR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (NQO), subunit B dari phosphatase PP2A, nemo kinase, dan propyl endopeptidase meningkat pada populasi WBC yang makan pada varietas dengan ketahanan tinggi dan moderat dibanding dengan populasi T (Yang et al 2006;Yu et al 2014). Gen P450, CAR, NQO, dan propyl endopeptidase mendetoksifikasi senyawa beracun, GST memberikan perlindungan terhadap cekaman dan kerusakan oksidatif, sedangkan PP2A dan nemo kinase terlibat dalam jalur penyinyalan.…”

“…Ada delapan genus dan spesies YLS yang dominan (Dong et al 2011;Hou et al 2013;Noda et al 1995;Yu et al 2014). Analisis transkriptom fat body WBC menemukan 317 unigen yang homolog dengan gen-gen dari 12 genus YLS dan bakteri Wolbachia .…”