Transcription Profiling on Transgenic Apple Plants After Over-Expression of Genes, Which Are Involved in the Flower Development

Flachowsky, Henryk; Hättasch, C.; Peil, Andreas; Hanke, Magda-Viola

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2007.763.28

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…Without the setback of apple production in 2013, the same result could have been obtained 1 year earlier. Verification of the vitality and germination rate of the pollen (Flachowsky et al 2007a ) used to pollinate the flowers of the BpMADS4/Fb_E seedlings was not included in our protocol. This confirmation would likely have indicated poor vitality and/or germination for the ‘Braeburn’ pollen we used in 2013, which we hypothesize to be the cause of the lack of seed production that year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of advanced apple ( Malus × domestica Borkh.) selections carrying the fire blight resistance of ‘Evereste’ Fb_E (Durel et al 2009 ) using the early flowering line T1190 (Flachowsky et al 2007a , 2009 , 2011 ) started in 2009 (Le Roux et al 2012 ). Le Roux et al ( 2012 ) produced plants of the BC’1 generation and used these as parents to develop the BC’2 generation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DNA was extracted using the Extract-N-Amp™ Plant PCR kit (Sigma-Aldrich ® , St. Louis, MO, USA). Presence of the BpMADS4 transgene and the nptII (neomycin phosphotransferase II) gene was investigated according to Flachowsky et al ( 2007a ). As internal PCR control, RUBISCO (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase) primers (Flachowsky et al 2007b ) were multiplexed to the BpMADS4 and nptII primers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in the apple cv. ‘Pinova’ (Flachowsky et al 2007a ). Based on the early flowering line T1190, Flachowsky et al ( 2009 ) provided the proof of concept that the approach can be used to reduce apple juvenility to a few months after seed planting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generation of advanced fire blight-resistant apple (Malus × domestica) selections of the fifth generation within 7 years of applying the early flowering approach

Schlathölter

Jänsch

Flachowsky

et al. 2018

Planta

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Main conclusionThe approach presented here can be applied to reduce the time needed to introduce traits from wild apples into null segregant advanced selections by one-fourth.Interesting traits like resistances to pathogens are often found within the wild apple gene pool. However, the long juvenile phase of apple seedlings hampers the rapid introduction of these traits into new cultivars. The rapid crop cycle breeding approach used in this paper is based on the overexpression of the birch (Betula pendula) MADS4 transcription factor in apple. Using the early flowering line T1190 and ‘Evereste’ as source of the fire blight resistance (Fb_E locus), we successfully established 18 advanced selections of the fifth generation in the greenhouse within 7 years. Fifteen individuals showed the habitus expected of a regular apple seedling, while three showed very short internodes. The null segregants possessing a regular habitus maintained the high level of fire blight resistance typical for ‘Evereste’. Using SSR markers, we estimated the percentage of genetic drag from ‘Evereste’ still associated with Fb_E on linkage group 12 (LG12). Eight out of the 18 selections had only 4% of ‘Evereste’ genome left. Since genotypes carrying the apple scab resistance gene Rvi6 and the fire blight resistance QTL Fb_F7 were used as parents in the course of the experiments, these resistances were also identified in some of the null segregants. One seedling is particularly interesting as, beside Fb_E, it also carries Fb_F7 heterozygously and Rvi6 homozygously. If null segregants obtained using this method will be considered as not genetically modified in Europe, as is already the case in the USA, this genotype could be a very promising parent for breeding new fire blight and scab-resistant apple cultivars in European apple breeding programs.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00425-018-2876-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%