Transcription expression of immune-related genes from Caligus rogercresseyi evidences host-dependent patterns on Atlantic and coho salmon

Vera-Bizama, Fredy; Valenzuela-Muñoz, Valentina; Gonçalves, Ana Teresa; Marambio, Jorge Pino; Hawes, Christopher; Wadsworth, Simón; Gallardo‐Escárate, Cristian

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2015.10.022

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Vera‐Bizama et al . () studied the transcriptional modulation of some of the above mentioned molecular markers of the C. rogercresseyi immune response, secretome and antioxidant system during Atlantic and Coho salmon infestation – two species with noticeable different resistance to the parasitosis – and revealed an overall higher regulation of the transcripts when infecting Atlantic salmon, especially in the earlier infection stages. Another group of proteins that may play a role in C. rogercresseyi's infectious capacity is the Aquaporins.…”

Section: Sea Louse: a “Hard To Kill” Parasitementioning

confidence: 99%

The race between host and sea lice in the Chilean salmon farming: a genomic approach

Gallardo‐Escárate

Arriagada

Carrera

et al. 2019

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Sea lice are a group of ectoparasite copepods negatively affecting fish health in the salmon farming industry worldwide. Due to their biology, including several stages of development with different sensitivities to chemotherapeutants and their complex host–parasite interactions, the control of sea lice represents one of the major obstacles for sustainable aquaculture. Interdisciplinary approaches are required to avoid the environmental impacts of antiparasites commercially used during the fish production cycle and the increasing emergence of drug resistance in lice populations. Herein, control methods based on genomic analyses will allow for the development of novel tools such as vaccines, immune‐modulators, in‐feed masking compounds and non‐pharmacological therapies. This review highlights the genomic knowledge on the race between hosts and sea lice, with emphasis on Salmo salar and Oncorhynchus kisutch as host fish species and Caligus rogercresseyi as the main threat affecting the Chilean salmon industry.

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Section: Sea Louse: a “Hard To Kill” Parasitementioning

confidence: 99%

The race between host and sea lice in the Chilean salmon farming: a genomic approach

Gallardo‐Escárate

Arriagada

Carrera

et al. 2019

Reviews in Aquaculture

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“…Moreover, different molecular mechanisms of the intracellular bacterium P. salmonis for host iron acquisition have been reported [36,51]. Furthermore, upregulation of the ferritin gene during Atlantic salmon infection with the ectoparasite C. rogercresseyi has been observed [52]. In this way, the mechanism for iron regulation and homeostasis is a vital strategy for fish in response to pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chimeric Protein IPath® with Chelating Activity Improves Atlantic Salmon’s Immunity against Infectious Diseases

et al. 2021

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Infection processes displayed by pathogens require the acquisition of essential inorganic nutrients and trace elements from the host to survive and proliferate. Without a doubt, iron is a crucial trace metal for all living organisms and also a pivotal component in the host–parasite interactions. In particular, the host reduces the iron available to face the infectious disease, increasing iron transport proteins’ expression and activating the heme synthesis and degradation pathways. Moreover, recent findings have suggested that iron metabolism modulation in fish promotes the immune response by reducing cellular iron toxicity. We hypothesized that recombinant proteins related to iron metabolism could modulate the fish’s immune system through iron metabolism and iron-responsive genes. Here a chimeric iron transport protein (IPath®) was bioinformatically designed and then expressed in a recombinant bacterial system. The IPath® protein showed a significant chelating activity under in vitro conditions and biological activity. Taking this evidence, a vaccine candidate based on IPath® was evaluated in Atlantic salmon challenged with three different fish pathogens. Experimental trials were conducted using two fish groups: one immunized with IPath® and another injected with adjutant as the control group. After 400 accumulated thermal units (ATUs), two different infection trials were performed. In the first one, fish were infected with the bacterium Aeromonas salmonicida, and in a second trial, fish were exposed to the ectoparasite Caligus rogercresseyi and subsequently infected with the intracellular bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis. Fish immunized with IPath® showed a significant delay in the mortality curve in response to A. salmonicida and P. salmonis infections. However, no significant differences between infected and control fish groups were observed at the end of the experiment. Notably, sea lice burden reduction was observed in vaccinated Atlantic salmon. Transcriptional analysis evidenced a high modulation of iron-homeostasis-related genes in fish vaccinated with IPath® compared to the control group during the infection. Moreover, increasing expression of Atlantic salmon IgT was associated with IPath® immunization. This study provides evidence that the IPath® protein could be used as an antigen or booster in commercial fish vaccines, improving the immune response against relevant pathogens for salmon aquaculture.

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“…Caligus rogercresseyi male and female transcriptomes were examined to identify genes that might be functionally associated with reproduction and development. A previously obtained database containing 1,368 contigs annotated for sex‐related transcripts (Farlora, Araya‐Garay, & Gallardo‐Escárate, ) and other published literature (Farlora, Nuñez‐Acuña, & Gallardo‐Escárate, ; Farlora, Valenzuela‐Muñoz, Chávez‐Mardones, & Gallardo‐Escárate, ; Núñez‐Acuña & Gallardo‐Escárate, ; Vera‐Bizama et al., ) from C. rogercresseyi was further analysed using BLASTX against public GenBank and UniProt databases, to identify homolog genes known to be involved in reproduction and development in other arthropods. A panel of 12 transcripts was selected for the following proteins: vasa, vitellogenin (Vg1 and Vg2), prohibitin2 (Phb2), ecdysone receptor (EcR), retinoid X receptor (RXR), farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPS), hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR), drosophila big brain (Bib), glyceroporin (Glp1_v1), peroxinectin (PX1) and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2).…”

Section: List Of Primers Used For Rt‐qpcr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PTGS2 gene expression has been reported in Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Campbell, Pert, & Bowman, ), a parasitic copepod important in the Northern Hemisphere, exhibiting a ubiquitous distribution within tissues in adults and abundant expression in all developmental stages. In addition, recent studies in C. rogercresseyi (Vera‐Bizama et al., ) described significant differences in PTGS2 gene expression at early infestive stages when comparing between sea lice parasitizing coho and Atlantic salmon hosts, exhibiting higher mRNA transcription levels at 3 days post‐infection (dpi) and lower transcription levels at 7 dpi in lice infesting coho salmon. The genes EcR and RXR are both nuclear receptors and their protein products form the ecdysone receptor heterodimer, which binds to ecdysteroids, arthropod‐specific steroid hormones (Palli, Kapitskaya, & Potter, ).…”

Section: List Of Primers Used For Rt‐qpcr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen peroxide treatment modulates the transcription of sex‐related genes in the sea lice Caligus rogercresseyi

Farlora

Valdebenito-Aguayo

Valenzuela-Muñoz

et al. 2017

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Transcription expression of immune-related genes from Caligus rogercresseyi evidences host-dependent patterns on Atlantic and coho salmon

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

The race between host and sea lice in the Chilean salmon farming: a genomic approach

The race between host and sea lice in the Chilean salmon farming: a genomic approach

Chimeric Protein IPath® with Chelating Activity Improves Atlantic Salmon’s Immunity against Infectious Diseases

Hydrogen peroxide treatment modulates the transcription of sex‐related genes in the sea lice Caligus rogercresseyi

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