Transcript profiling demonstrates absence of dosage compensation in Arabidopsis following loss of a single RPL23a paralog

Degenhardt, Rory F.; Bonham‐Smith, Peta C.

doi:10.1007/s00425-008-0765-6

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…However, we didn't observe appreciable defects in terms of growth rate, morphology, flowering or fertility in the rpl23ab mutant ( Fig. 2D), which is consistent with published work [24]. We amplified genomic DNA encompassing the promoter plus the coding region of RPL23aA from wild-type plants and fused it to the sequence encoding the HA epitope tag.…”

Section: Characterization Of Rpl23aa and Rpl23ab Mutantssupporting

confidence: 91%

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Arabidopsis ribosomal proteins RPL23aA and RPL23aB are functionally equivalent

Xiong¹,

Chen²,

Zhu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: In plants, each ribosomal protein (RP) is encoded by a small gene family but it is largely unknown whether the family members are functionally diversified. There are two RPL23a paralogues genes (RPL23aA and RPL23aB ) found in Arabidopsis thaliana. Knock-down of RPL23aA using RNAi impeded growth and led to morphological abnormalities, whereas knock-out of RPL23aB had no observable phenotype, thus these two RPL23a paralogous proteins have been used as examples of ribosomal protein paralogues with functional divergence in many published papers. Results: In this study, we characterized T-DNA insertion mutants of RPL23aA and RPL23aB. A rare non-allelic non-complementation phenomenon was found in the F1 progeny of the rpl23aa X rpl23ab cross, which revealed a dosage effect of these two genes. Both of RPL23aA and RPL23aB were found to be expressed almost in all examined tissues as revealed by GUS reporter analysis. Expression of RPL23aB driven by the RPL23aA promoter can rescue the phenotype of rpl23aa, indicating these two proteins are actually equivalent in function. Interestingly, based on the publicly available RNA-seq data, we found that these two RPL23a paralogues were expressed in a concerted manner and the expression level of RPL23aA was much higher than that of RPL23aB at different developmental stages and in different tissues. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that RPL23aA and RPL23aB proteins actually have equal function and presence of paralogous genes for the RPL23a protein in plants might be necessary to maintain its adequate dosage.

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Section: Characterization Of Rpl23aa and Rpl23ab Mutantssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…1D). Absence of dosage compensation by RPL23aA in Arabidopsis was reported following loss of RPL23aB [24]. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Characterization Of Rpl23aa and Rpl23ab Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Arabidopsis ribosomal proteins RPL23aA and RPL23aB are functionally equivalent

Xiong¹,

Chen²,

Zhu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The gene expression of ribosomal protein L11B (RPL11B; previously known as RPL16B) is also high in all actively dividing cells, whereas the expression pattern of RPL11A is much more tissue-specific 26 . Moreover, the two A. thaliana RPL23A paralogues, which possess high sequence homology, are not of equivalent importance for normal plant development 27,28 . Deletion of RPL23AA but not of RPL23AB impeded growth and led to morphological abnormalities, revealing specialized functions for specific ribosomal protein paralogues.…”

Section: Heterogeneity In Ribosome Function and Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Specialized ribosomes: a new frontier in gene regulation and organismal biology

Xue

Barna

2012

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol

599

565

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Historically, the ribosome has been viewed as a complex ribozyme with constitutive rather than intrinsic regulatory capacity in mRNA translation. However, emerging studies reveal that ribosome activity may be highly regulated. Heterogeneity in ribosome composition resulting from differential expression and post-translational modifications of ribosomal proteins, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) diversity and the activity of ribosome-associated factors may generate ‘specialized ribosomes’ that have a substantial impact on how the genomic template is translated into functional proteins. Moreover, constitutive components of the ribosome may also exert more specialized activities by virtue of their interactions with specific mRNA regulatory elements such as internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) or upstream open reading frames (uORFs). Here we discuss the hypothesis that intrinsic regulation by the ribosome acts to selectively translate subsets of mRNAs harbouring unique cis-regulatory elements, thereby introducing an additional level of regulation in gene expression and the life of an organism.

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“…An insertional mutation into RPS15aE resulted in reduced gene expression of RPS15aE, whereas RPS15aB levels were comparable to wild-type indicating that there was no upregulation of transcription of RPS15aB in response to a reduction in RPS15aE abundance. Similarly, Degenhardt and Bonham-Smith (2008b) found that loss of a single paralog (RPL23aB) in the two-member gene family encoding RPL23a did not result in upregulation of RPL23aA. Together, these results suggest that there is no mechanism to compensate for the overall reduction for some r-protein transcripts.…”

Section: Mitochondrial Ribosomesmentioning

confidence: 85%

Analysis of RPS15aE, an Isoform of a Plant-Specific Evolutionarily Distinct Ribosomal Protein in Arabidopsis thaliana, Reveals its Potential Role as a Growth Regulator

Szick-Miranda

Zanial

et al. 2009

Plant Mol Biol Rep

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There is increasing evidence for ribosome heterogeneity in biological systems. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the ribosomal protein S15a is encoded by six separate genes, which fall into two evolutionarily distinct categories (Type I and Type II). Type I S15a is a universally conserved component of cytosolic ribosomes, whereas there is ambiguity as to the specific subcellular location of Type II S15a (cytosolic and/or mitochondrial ribosomes). In this study, we investigated the functional significance of the distinct form of ribosomal protein S15a (Type II) in Arabidopsis by examining: the evolutionary relationship of eukaryotic S15a proteins with respect to organellar homologs, the expression of individual Type II S15a genes during various developmental stages by RT-PCR, and the phenotypes of an insertional mutation into the RPS15aE gene. The Type II S15a proteins are plant specific, and the duplication event that gave rise to the Type II S15a genes appears to have occurred during the evolution of land plants. The genes encoding Type II S15a in Arabidopsis are differentially expressed, and mutant plants in which the gene encoding S15aE is knocked down produce larger leaves, longer roots, and possess larger cells than wild-type plants suggesting that the RPS15aE isoform of Type II S15a may act as a regulator of translational activity. Our results add significantly to the understanding of the protein constitution of plant ribosomes and the functional significance of ribosome heterogeneity.

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Transcript profiling demonstrates absence of dosage compensation in Arabidopsis following loss of a single RPL23a paralog

Cited by 26 publications

References 94 publications

Arabidopsis ribosomal proteins RPL23aA and RPL23aB are functionally equivalent

Arabidopsis ribosomal proteins RPL23aA and RPL23aB are functionally equivalent

Specialized ribosomes: a new frontier in gene regulation and organismal biology

Analysis of RPS15aE, an Isoform of a Plant-Specific Evolutionarily Distinct Ribosomal Protein in Arabidopsis thaliana, Reveals its Potential Role as a Growth Regulator

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