Transcranial direct current stimulation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analysis of clinical efficacy outcomes

Brauer, Hannah; Breitling-Ziegler, Carolin; Moliadze, Vera; Galling, Britta; Prehn-Kristensen, Alexander

doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.01.013

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Therefore, it showed that real HD-tDCS can improve the inhibitory control of the subjects in addition to improving attention maintenance. This was similar to previous studies that showed that tDCS tended to improve significantly only in interference control and inhibition, but not in working memory or reaction time variability in the analyses of neuropsychological performance measures ( 49 ). This effect is also supported by studies on the mechanism of tDCS, which regulates the concentration levels of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate and the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The results were significant in children and adolescents. The follow-up data (3 days−4 weeks after stimulation) suggested an ongoing beneficial effect regarding overall symptom severity and a delayed effect on hyperactivity ( 49 ). They came to this conclusion on the basis that, although most of these studies did not provide a clinical outcome replacement for assessing the effect of tDCS on cognitive functioning in ADHD, there are several studies that report high correlations between different executive dysfunctions and ADHD core symptoms ( 56 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A randomized, sham-controlled trial of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation on the right orbital frontal cortex in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Wang

Li²,

Wu³

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to find out the clinical and cognitive effects of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on the right orbital frontal cortex (OFC) in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodsA total of 56 patients with ADHD were recruited as subjects and completely and randomly divided into the HD-tDCS group and the Sham group. A 1.0 mA anode current was applied to the right OFC. The HD-tDCS group received real stimulation, while the Sham group received sham stimulation in 10 sessions of treatment. ADHD symptom assessment (the SNAP-IV Rating Scale and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire) was carried out before treatment, after the 5th and 10th stimuli, and at the 6th week after the end of all stimulations, while the cognitive effect was assessed by the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA-CPT), the Stroop Color and Word Test (Stroop), and the Tower of Hanoi (TOH). Repeated-measure ANOVA was used to find out the results of both groups before and after treatment.ResultsA total of 47 patients completed all sessions and evaluations. Their SNAP-IV score, their PSQ score, the mean visual and auditory reaction times by IVA-CPT, the interference RT of Stroop Color and Word, and the number of completed steps of TOH did not change with intervention time before and after treatment (P > 0.0031). However, the integrated visual and audiovisual commission errors and the TOH completion time results of the HD-tDCS group were significantly decreased after the 5th intervention, the 10th intervention, and the 6th week of intervention follow-up compared to the Sham group (P < 0.0031).ConclusionThis study draws cautious conclusions that HD-tDCS does not significantly alleviate the overall symptoms of patients with ADHD but leads to significant improvements in the cognitive measures of attention maintenance. The study also attempted to fill in the gaps in research studies on HD-tDCS stimulation of the right OFC.Clinical trial registrationChiCTR2200062616.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized, sham-controlled trial of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation on the right orbital frontal cortex in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Wang

Li²,

Wu³

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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“…The anodal electrode was positioned above the left DLPFC (F3 based on the International 10-20 system), while the cathodal electrode was placed over the right supraorbital (Fp2). This montage has been deemed to be the most successful so far based on a meta-analysis of tDCS studies in ADHD ( Salehinejad et al, 2019 ; Brauer et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Effect of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation and Cognitive Training on Processing Speed in Pediatric Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Pilot Study

Dakwar-Kawar

Berger

Barzilay

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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ObjectiveProcessing Speed (PS), the ability to perceive and react fast to stimuli in the environment, has been shown to be impaired in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, it is unclear whether PS can be improved following targeted treatments for ADHD. Here we examined potential changes in PS following application of transcranial electric stimulation (tES) combined with cognitive training (CT) in children with ADHD. Specifically, we examined changes in PS in the presence of different conditions of mental fatigue.MethodsWe used a randomized double-blind active-controlled crossover study of 19 unmedicated children with ADHD. Participants received either anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) or transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS), while completing CT, and the administration order was counterbalanced. PS was assessed before and after treatment using the MOXO-CPT, which measures PS in the presence of various conditions of mental fatigue and cognitive load.ResultstRNS combined with CT yielded larger improvements in PS compared to tDCS combined with CT, mainly under condition of increased mental fatigue. Further improvements in PS were also seen in a 1-week follow up testing.ConclusionThis study provides initial support for the efficacy of tRNS combined with CT in improving PS in the presence of mental fatigue in pediatric ADHD.

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“…Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of tDCS studies in ADHD suggest limited evidence of clinical or cognitive improvement with tDCS ( Brauer et al, 2021 , Cosmo et al, 2020 , Salehinejad et al, 2019 ). However, the majority of studies applied 1–5 tDCS sessions over mainly left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and only one study applied 5 sessions over the right inferior frontal cortex (IFC) ( Breitling-Ziegler et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with cognitive training on EEG spectral power in adolescent boys with ADHD: A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial

Westwood

Bozhilova

Criaud

et al. 2022

IBRO Neuroscience Reports

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Transcranial direct current stimulation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analysis of clinical efficacy outcomes

Cited by 14 publications

References 94 publications

A randomized, sham-controlled trial of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation on the right orbital frontal cortex in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

A randomized, sham-controlled trial of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation on the right orbital frontal cortex in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Examining the Effect of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation and Cognitive Training on Processing Speed in Pediatric Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Pilot Study

The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with cognitive training on EEG spectral power in adolescent boys with ADHD: A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial

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