Transcending East‐West Dichotomies: State and Culture Formation in Six Ostensibly Disparate Areas

Commodity Flows, Diaspora Networking, and Contested Agency in the Eastern Indian Ocean c. 1000–1500

“…International merchants who entered partnerships with the leaders of newly emerging regional polities capitalized on the benefits of alliances among rulers and merchants as in the past but at increased volume (Reid 1996;Lieberman 1997Lieberman , 2003Lieberman , 2009. This was similar to the way contemporary up-and-coming Western European monarchies (e.g., Tudor England and The Netherlands) were in partnership with evolving East India joint stock companies.…”

Planetary postcolonialism

“…As the case of China indicates, when that corrective is made to the focus of scholarship, some novel variants of imperialism, colonialism and postcolonialism emerge. In this respect geographers might learn from the comparative scholarship of historians which for some time has attended to the implications of comparing empires—adding Ottomans, Tsar and Qing to the European seaborne empires and contemporary American imperialism that have tended to dominate conceptions of imperial geography (Lieberman, ; Adas , Cooper, ; Burbank & Cooper, ). For example, Dibyesh Anand (), writing from the perspective of international relations, has argued that both China and India might usefully be conceptualized as forms of ‘Postcolonial Informal Empire’ (PIE).…”

Sri Lanka in the Long Early Modern Period: Its Place in a Comparative Theory of Second Millennium Eurasian History

“…The etic evaluation is difficult to make at present, because we lack the appropriate kind of assimilative and conceptual work. 63 However, it does seem that 59 Lieberman 2003: 38-44;1997b: 481-496. 60 Lieberman 2003: 44.…”

“…Lieberman 2003: 38 provides a summary, and see the beginnings of each chapter for application to regions.95Reid 1988Reid -1993 Lieberman 2003: 58, 62;Reid 1993: 16. Also Charney 1998 …”