Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization confers survival benefit in patients with a spontaneously ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract

TACE is a minimally invasive treatment that has a high success rate for hemostasis. TACE increased the 30-day survival in patients with a ruptured HCC. However, survival rates in patients with lower hemoglobin levels, resulting in a large amount of bleeding, remained poor regardless of successful TACE.

Prognosis and therapy for ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma: Problems with staging and treatment strategy

“…It was reported that TAE for a ruptured HCC resulted in better prognosis than patients who underwent conservative treatment (MST: 110 vs. 9.0 days, P < 0.003) [6]. In our study, patients with a ruptured HCC treated curatively showed better prognosis than those not treated curatively (22.7 vs. 1.8 months, P < 0.001).…”

“…The mortality rate associated with a ruptured HCC in the acute phase has been reported to range from 25% to 75% [2]. Furthermore, the 1-month survival rate of patients with a ruptured HCC has been found to range from 35% to 67% [6,7]. Miyoshi et al reported that the mortality rate with 1 year was 40% and MST was 10 months [8].…”

The Impact of Serosal Invasion on Prognosis after Curative Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Invasion to Adjacent Organs and Rupture of Tumor Were Crucial Tumor-Related Prognostic Factors Needed for Survival

“…The incidence of HCC rupture has decreased to approximately 3-15%, probably in response to advances in imaging modalities and the development of a surveillance system for patients infected with HBV or HCV; however, mortality rates remain high [21,22]. Even if surgical resection is performed, the median survival duration is only 1.1 years, and the prognosis is very poor [23].…”

Outcomes of emergent embolisation of ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma in a western population

“…26,27 Interestingly, shock was not significantly related to survival, concordant with previous publication. 17 The present investigation also revealed increased mortality in the setting of lobar embolisation, advocating for more selective embolisation when feasible.…”